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A client with dumping syndrome should ___ while a client with GERD should ___
- A. sit up 1 hour after meals; lie flat 30 minutes after meals
- B. lie down 1 hour after eating; sit up at least 30 minutes after eating
- C. sit up after meals; sit up after meals
- D. lie down after meals; lie down after meals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lying down after eating slows gastric emptying, reducing dumping syndrome symptoms. Sitting up prevents acid reflux in GERD. The other combinations are incorrect for these conditions. Basic Care and Comfort
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The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with a history of alcoholism. Which of the following statements, if made by the client, indicates that the client understands the teaching?
- A. I should avoid all products that contain alcohol, including cough medicines.'
- B. I can have one drink a week as long as I dilute it with water.'
- C. I should continue to drink nonalcoholic beer to satisfy my taste for beer.'
- D. I can stop taking disulfiram (Antabuse) once I feel better.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Complete abstinence is required for alcoholism recovery, including avoiding alcohol-containing products like cough medicines, which could trigger relapse. Diluted drinks (B) or nonalcoholic beer (C) risk relapse due to taste cues, and stopping disulfiram prematurely (D) increases relapse risk.
Which condition is associated with inadequate intake of vitamin C?
- A. rickets
- B. marasmus
- C. kwashiorkor
- D. scurvy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Scurvy results from vitamin C deficiency, causing symptoms like bleeding gums and poor wound healing. The other conditions are related to different nutritional deficiencies. Physiological Adaptation
A nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection. Which of the following sites is most appropriate for an adult patient?
- A. Deltoid
- B. Vastus lateralis
- C. Dorsogluteal
- D. Ventrogluteal sites
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ventrogluteal site is safest for IM injections in adults, minimizing nerve or vessel damage. Deltoid and vastus lateralis are alternatives but less preferred, and dorsogluteal is avoided due to sciatic nerve risk.
A client with Anemia has been prescribed liquid iron. Which would the nurse expect to be included in the teaching plan?
- A. Take the medication through a straw.
- B. Administer this drug mixed with coffee.
- C. The drug causes the urine to turn black.
- D. The drug must be stored in the refrigerator.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Liquid iron should be administered through a straw to prevent dental staining. Answers B, C, and D are not correct instructions for taking liquid iron, so they are incorrect.
The nurse understands that an acute attack of pancreatitis can be precipitated by heavy drinking because:
The nurse understands that an acute attack of pancreatitis can be precipitated by heavy drinking because:
- A. Alcohol promoted the formation of calculi in the cystic duct.
- B. The pancreas is stimulated to secrete more insulin than it can immediately produce.
- C. The alcohol alters the composition of enzymes so they are capable of damaging the pancreas.
- D. Alcohol increases enzyme secretion and pancreatic duct pressure and causes backflow of enzymes into the pancreas.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alcohol causes enzyme backflow, leading to pancreatic autodigestion.