LPN Fundamentals Practice Questions

LPN Fundamentals Practice Questions Related

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A client with hypothyroidism is being taught about dietary management. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

  • A. I should increase my intake of iodine-rich foods.
  • B. I should decrease my intake of iodine-rich foods.
  • C. I should increase my intake of potassium-rich foods.
  • D. I should decrease my intake of sodium-rich foods.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. Increasing intake of iodine-rich foods is beneficial for clients with hypothyroidism as iodine is essential for thyroid hormone synthesis. Adequate iodine intake helps to support thyroid function in individuals with hypothyroidism, making choice A the most appropriate response indicating an understanding of the dietary management for this condition. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because decreasing iodine-rich foods, increasing potassium-rich foods, or decreasing sodium-rich foods are not the recommended dietary modifications for hypothyroidism. In fact, decreasing iodine-rich foods could exacerbate hypothyroidism due to the essential role of iodine in thyroid hormone production.

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The nurse is assessing a post operative client who underwent a colostomy, which of the following findings will warrant further nursing interventions?

  • A. The stoma appears pale and dry
  • B. The stoma appears red
  • C. The stoma drains a bloody drainage then progressed to greenish discharge
  • D. The stoma drains a greenish discharge
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A pale, dry stoma e.g., ischemia needs intervention (e.g., notify MD), unlike red (healthy), bloody-to-green (normal), or green (expected). Nurses assess e.g., color for complications, per ostomy care.

A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a subcutaneous injection of insulin. Which of the following actions should the professional take?

  • A. Use a 1-inch needle.
  • B. Insert the needle at a 90-degree angle.
  • C. Use a tuberculin syringe.
  • D. Aspirate before injecting.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When administering a subcutaneous injection, inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle is appropriate. This angle helps ensure proper delivery of the medication into the subcutaneous tissue. Using a 1-inch needle is common for subcutaneous injections to reach the subcutaneous fat layer adequately. Tuberculin syringes are typically used for intradermal injections, not subcutaneous injections. Aspirating before injecting is not necessary for subcutaneous injections as it is primarily used for intramuscular injections to ensure the needle is not in a blood vessel.

Which is the most basic need according to Maslow's hierarchy of human needs?

  • A. Physical and psychological
  • B. Love and belonging
  • C. Physiological needs
  • D. The need for self-actualization
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Maslow's hierarchy ranks physiological needs air, water, food, shelter as the most basic, foundational level for survival. Without these, higher needs cannot be pursued; for instance, a patient struggling to breathe (physiological) won't prioritize self-esteem. Physical and psychological isn't a Maslow category; it blends levels imprecisely. Love and belonging (e.g., relationships) is third-tier, reliant on physiological and safety needs being met first. Self-actualization, the top tier, involves personal fulfillment, achievable only after all lower needs are satisfied. In nursing, prioritizing physiological needs like oxygen for a hypoxic patient ensures life-sustaining care precedes emotional or growth-oriented interventions. Maslow's model underscores this hierarchy's logic: physiological stability is the bedrock, making it the most basic need driving human behavior and nursing priorities.

The nurse avoided a romantic tie with Mr. Gary. This is an example of?

  • A. Professional boundaries
  • B. Cultural sensitivity
  • C. Justice
  • D. Fidelity
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Avoiding romance is professional boundaries (A) keeping limits, per ethics. Sensitivity (B) culture, justice (C) fairness, fidelity (D) promises not boundary-specific. A fits the nurse's ethical distance, ensuring professionalism, making it correct.

Which of the following statement best describe a health belief model?

  • A. Explains why people get sick
  • B. Explains health behavior based on belief
  • C. Focuses on disease treatment
  • D. Based on medical diagnosis
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Health belief model explains health behavior via beliefs (B), per theory e.g., perceived risk drives action. Sickness (A) and treatment (C) aren't focus, diagnosis (D) medical. B best defines HBM's psychological basis, making it correct.

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