Nokea
A client with lymphadenitis has developed persistent swelling of the affected area. What would be important information for the nurse to teach this client?
- A. How to apply an elastic sleeve or stocking
- B. How to apply ice to the affected area
- C. How to do exercises to increase blood flow in the area
- D. How to dependently do activities of daily living
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse inspects the area two to three times daily and notes the client's response to antibiotic therapy. He or she gives assistance if the discomfort interferes with activities of daily living. Elevation reduces the swelling. Warmth promotes comfort and enhances circulation. The nurse notifies the physician if the affected area appears to enlarge, additional lymph nodes become involved, or body temperature remains elevated. In severe cases with persistent swelling, the nurse teaches the client how to apply an elastic sleeve or stocking. Ice does not reduce the swelling. Exercise does not reduce the swelling.
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The nurse is on a mission trip to a third world country to provide nursing care to a large group of clients. A client asks the nurse to look at his leg that is grossly edematous compared to the other extremity. What does the nurse understand is the most common cause of this disorder known as elephantiasis?
- A. Reaction to an antibiotic
- B. Smallpox vaccination
- C. Lack of healthcare
- D. A parasitic worm
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Worldwide, the most common cause of lymphedema is a parasitic worm; mosquitoes transmit the parasite, resulting in a condition known as elephantiasis.
A client with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is receiving chemotherapy for treatment. The client is complaining of nausea during treatment. To maintain fluid intake, what type of food or fluid could the nurse offer the client?
- A. Milk
- B. Pudding
- C. Popsicle
- D. Chicken
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Offer clear liquids such as carbonated beverages and water, ice pops, and flavored gelatin until nausea subsides. Thereafter, small, frequent, low-fat meals help prevent nausea, improve nutritional intake, and reduce weight loss. Milk, pudding, and chicken are too heavy when clients are experiencing nausea and may be given after the nausea subsides.
A young client has just been diagnosed with lymphoma. The client asks the nurse what a lymphoma is. What would be the nurse's best answer?
- A. It is a group of cancers that affect the body.
- B. It is a group of cancers connected to the hematopoietic system.
- C. It is a group of cancers that affect the lymphatic system.
- D. It is a group of cancers connected to the cardiovascular system.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The term lymphoma applies to a group of cancers that affect the lymphatic system. The correct option is more specific than the option of 'a group of cancers that affect the body.' Lymphomas are not related to the hematopoietic or cardiovascular systems.
A client has developed an infection that resulted in lymphangitis. What does the nurse suspect the causative organism is that caused the infection?
- A. A streptococcal microorganism
- B. A Staphylococcus microorganism
- C. Escherichia coli
- D. Candida albicans
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An infectious agent, commonly a streptococcal microorganism, usually causes both lymphangitis and lymphadenitis. It is not commonly caused by staph, E. coli, or C. albicans (a fungal infection).
The nurse is obtaining objective data from a client with lymphangitis of the left arm. What does the nurse expect to find when collecting this data from the client?
- A. Pulsatile mass in the axilla
- B. Weeping and oozing of fluid from the arm
- C. Cold, clammy arm
- D. Red streaks following the course of the lymph channels
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Red streaks follow the course of the lymph channels and extend up the arm or leg. Fever also may be present. When lymphadenitis is present, the lymph nodes along the lymphatic channels are enlarged and tender on palpation. Diagnosis is made by visual inspection and palpation. The nurse does not expect to find a pulsatile mass. Weeping and oozing would indicate lymphedema. The arm would be warm or hot, not cold and clammy.