Nokea
A client with metabolic acidosis associated with diabetes mellitus is admitted to the unit. A blood glucose of $250 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dl}$ is present. Which symptom will most likely accompany ketoacidosis?
- A. Oliguria
- B. Polydipsia
- C. Perspiration
- D. Tremors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) causes dehydration due to hyperglycemia, leading to polydipsia (excessive thirst). Oliguria may occur later, perspiration is not specific, and tremors are more associated with hypoglycemia.
You may also like to solve these questions
The most common complication following a myocardial infarction is:
- A. Hyperkalemia
- B. Cardiac dysrhythmia
- C. Acute respiratory distress
- D. Hypovolemic shock
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cardiac dysrhythmias are the most common complication post-myocardial infarction due to ischemic changes affecting the heart's electrical conduction.
The nurse is caring for a client who had a transurethral resection of the prostate 12 hours ago and is receiving continuous bladder irrigation. The client reports lower abdominal pain rated as an 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. Which of the following actions would be a priority for the nurse to take?
- A. Administer morphine to the client.
- B. Verify when the client had the last flatus or bowel movement.
- C. Administer oxybutynin to the client.
- D. Verify the amount and characteristics of the client's urine output.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe abdominal pain post-TURP with bladder irrigation suggests possible catheter obstruction or clot formation. Verifying urine output and characteristics is the priority to ensure patency. Morphine , checking bowel movement , or oxybutynin are secondary.
The nurse is discussing mammogram screening with a family. No one in the family has had a mammogram. The mother is 52, there are four daughters, ages 10, 15, 21, and 34, and the grandmother is 75. Which of the following women should receive a mammogram? Select all that apply.
- A. The 10-year old daughter
- B. The 15-year old daughter
- C. The 21-year old daughter
- D. The 34-year old daughter
- E. The 52-year old mother
- F. The 75-year-old grandmother
Correct Answer: D,E,F
Rationale: Women aged 40 and older, or earlier with risk factors, should have mammograms. The 34-year-old, 52-year-old, and 75-year-old women meet screening age criteria.
The physician has prescribed Elavil(amitriptyline) for a client with depression. The nurse should continue to monitor the client's mood because the maximal effects of tricyclic antidepressant medication does not occur for:
- A. $48-72$ hours
- B. 5-7 days
- C. 2-4 weeks
- D. 3-6 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tricyclic antidepressants like amitriptyline take 2-4 weeks to reach maximal therapeutic effect. Choices A and B are too short, and D is excessively long.
The client has contact dermatitis from poison ivy. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates that he understands how to care for his condition?
- A. A hot bath should make the itching go away.'
- B. I will use a good strong soap when I wash the affected areas.'
- C. A cool wet cloth to the area should help.'
- D. Wearing wool socks will help my itchy feet.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A cool wet cloth soothes itching and inflammation in contact dermatitis. Hot baths, strong soaps, or wool exacerbate irritation.