Nokea
A client with polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The nurse would expect that these symptoms are related to
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Hyperglycemia
- C. Hyperparathyroidism
- D. Hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia are classic symptoms of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. Hypoglycemia , hyperparathyroidism , and hyperthyroidism do not typically cause this triad.
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Which of the following lab values might the nurse expect to see in a client with Addison's disease?
- A. WBC 10,000
- B. BUN 22
- C. $\mathrm{K}+3.5 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
- D. $\mathrm{Na}+142 \mathrm{mEq} / \mathrm{L}$
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Addison's disease causes hyperkalemia (elevated potassium, not 3.5 mEq/L, which is normal) and hyponatremia due to adrenal insufficiency.
The nurse is working at a student health clinic at a large university. Which of the following signs and symptoms would cause the nurse to suspect cocaine abuse in a 20-year-old college student?
- A. Frequent sneezing, complaints of a sore throat, and a temperature of 100°F (37.8°C).
- B. Diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
- C. Fatigue, dilated pupils, and anorexia.
- D. Complaints of insomnia, rhinorrhea, and facial pain.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Insomnia, rhinorrhea, and facial pain are associated with cocaine inhalation, the most common administration route. Options A, B, and C are less specific: A suggests infection, B indicates GI issues, and C could apply to other substances.
A woman comes to the antepartum clinic for a routine prenatal examination. She is 12 weeks pregnant with her second child. Which of the following shows proper documentation of the client's obstetric history by the nurse?
- A. Para 2, Gravida 1
- B. Nulligravida 2, Para 1
- C. Primigravida 1, Para 1
- D. Gravida 2, Para 1
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Gravida 2, Para 1. Gravida describes a woman who is or has been pregnant, regardless of pregnancy outcome. Para describes the number of babies born past a point of viability.
A 32-year-old multipara is seen in the prenatal clinic. The nurse notes she is in her fifth month of pregnancy and has a weight gain of 14 pounds. The history indicates that prenatally the client was of average height and weight.
The nurse should advise the client that
- A. she has gained too much weight and her diet should be reevaluated.
- B. she has not gained enough weight and her diet should be reevaluated.
- C. her weight gain is appropriate and she should continue on her present diet.
- D. her weight gain indicates that she may have difficulties later in pregnancy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Strategy: All answers are implementations. Determine the outcome of each answer choice. Is it desired? (1) excessive weight gain is >6.6 lb (3 kg)/month (2) inadequate weight gain is <2.2 lb (1 kg)/month (3) correct-weight gain 2-5 lb (2.5 kg) first trimester, 0.66-1.1 lb (0.5 kg) weekly in second and third trimester (4) not substantiated by information presented in question
The nurse is to open a sterile package. How should the nurse plan to open the first flap?
- A. Toward the nurse
- B. Away from the nurse
- C. To the right side
- D. To the left side
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Opening the first flap away from the nurse maintains sterility by preventing hands from passing over the sterile field. Opening toward the nurse or to the sides risks contamination.