Nokea
A client with renal calculi is prescribed potassium citrate. The purpose is to:
- A. Dissolve stones.
- B. Alkalinize urine.
- C. Reduce pain.
- D. Prevent bleeding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Potassium citrate alkalinizes urine, preventing uric acid stone formation.
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The nurse instructs the client on health maintenance activities to help control symptoms from her hiatal hernia. Which of the following statements would indicate that the client has understood the instructions?
- A. I'll avoid lying down after a meal.'
- B. I can still enjoy my potato chips and cola at bedtime.'
- C. I wish I didn't have to give up swimming.'
- D. If I wear a girdle, I'll have more support for my stomach.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding lying down after meals prevents reflux, indicating the client understands hiatal hernia management. The other statements are incorrect or irrelevant.
Alteplase recombinant, or tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), is administered during the first 6 hours after onset of myocardial infarction (MI) to:
- A. Control chest pain.
- B. Reduce coronary artery vasospasm.
- C. Control the arrhythmias associated with MI.
- D. Revascularize the blocked coronary artery.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: t-PA dissolves clots in the coronary artery, restoring blood flow (revascularization) to the ischemic myocardium, critical within the first 6 hours of MI.
The nurse observes that a client's ileostomy output is green and watery. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Notify the physician immediately.
- B. Document the finding as normal.
- C. Increase the client's fiber intake.
- D. Administer an antidiarrheal medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Green, watery output is normal for an ileostomy, especially early post-surgery, and should be documented. Notifying the physician, increasing fiber, or giving antidiarrheals are unnecessary unless other symptoms arise. CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Synthesize
The 'I Can Cope,' 'CanSurmount,' and 'Reach to Recovery' programs are all designed to help cancer clients:
- A. Choose treatment centers.
- B. Find financial help.
- C. Obtain home health care.
- D. Cope with cancer.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: These programs are designed to provide emotional and practical support to help cancer clients cope with their diagnosis and treatment.
What should the nurse do first for a client with a suspected spinal cord injury?
- A. Immobilize the spine.
- B. Administer pain medication.
- C. Check motor function.
- D. Obtain a CT scan.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Immobilizing the spine is the first priority to prevent further injury in a suspected spinal cord injury.