Nokea
A client with renal calculi reports sudden cessation of pain. The nurse should:
- A. Strain all urine.
- B. Administer analgesics.
- C. Check vital signs.
- D. Encourage bed rest.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sudden pain cessation may indicate stone passage; straining urine confirms this.
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A client with a diagnosis of cancer is frequently disruptive and challenges the nurse. This behavior is probably caused by:
- A. Uncertainty and an underlying fear of recurrence.
- B. The usual trajectory of a short-term illness.
- C. A history of a behavioral illness.
- D. The one-time crisis from learning of the diagnosis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Disruptive behavior in a cancer client is often driven by uncertainty and fear of recurrence, reflecting ongoing emotional distress.
Which of the following groups would benefit most from education regarding potential risk factors for melanoma?
- A. Adults older than age 35.
- B. Senior citizens who have been repeatedly exposed to the effects of ultraviolet A and ultraviolet B rays.
- C. Parents with children.
- D. Employees of a chemical factory.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Senior citizens with repeated exposure to UV rays are at the highest risk for melanoma due to cumulative skin damage. Education on risk factors like UV exposure is most beneficial for this group.
Which position is best for a client with a hemorrhagic stroke?
- A. Flat supine.
- B. Head elevated 30 degrees.
- C. Prone position.
- D. Trendelenburg position.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Head elevation at 30 degrees reduces intracranial pressure while maintaining cerebral perfusion in hemorrhagic stroke.
A client in a hospice program has increasing pain. The nurse and client collaborate to schedule analgesics to provide which of the following?
- A. Doses of analgesic when pain is a '5' on a scale of 1-10.
- B. Enough analgesia to keep the client semisomnolent.
- C. An analgesia-free period so that the client can carry out daily hygienic activities.
- D. Around-the-clock routine administration of analgesics for continuous pain relief.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Around-the-clock administration of analgesics ensures continuous pain relief, which is critical for hospice patients with persistent pain, preventing pain escalation.
A client is being switched from levodopa (L-dopa) to carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet). The nurse should monitor for which of the following possible complications during medication changes and dosage adjustment?
- A. Euphoria.
- B. Jaundice.
- C. A military fluctuation.
- D. Signs and symptoms of diabetes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Jaundice may indicate hepatotoxicity, a rare but serious complication of levodopa or carbidopa-levodopa. Euphoria, motor fluctuations, and diabetes are not primary concerns during this switch.