Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank Quizlet

Pharmacology and the Nursing Process 10th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Related

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A client with suspected lung cancer is scheduled for thoracentesis as part of the diagnostic workup. The nurse reviews the client’s history for conditions that might contraindicate this procedure. Which condition is a contraindication for thoracentesis?

  • A. A seizure disorder
  • B. Anemia
  • C. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  • D. A bleeding disorder
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: A bleeding disorder. Thoracentesis involves inserting a needle into the pleural space to remove fluid. A bleeding disorder increases the risk of excessive bleeding during the procedure. This can lead to complications such as hematoma formation, pneumothorax, or even life-threatening bleeding. It is crucial to assess and address bleeding disorders before performing thoracentesis to ensure the safety of the client.

A: A seizure disorder is not a contraindication for thoracentesis unless uncontrolled seizures could compromise the safety of the procedure.
B: Anemia alone is not a contraindication for thoracentesis, as it does not directly increase the risk of complications during the procedure.
C: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is not a contraindication for thoracentesis unless it is severe and compromises the client's ability to tolerate the procedure.

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A client asks the nurse about the four-point gait when partial weight bearing is permitted. What is the nurse’s BEST response?

  • A. move the right crutch ahead, then follow with the left foot
  • B. move both crutches forward together, then swing legs through
  • C. move the left crutch and the right foot forward together
  • D. move both crutches and the weaker leg forward at the same time
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because in the four-point gait with partial weight bearing, the client should move the right crutch ahead first to provide support and stability, followed by the left foot. This sequence ensures proper weight distribution and balance. Moving both crutches together (B) may compromise stability. Moving the left crutch and right foot together (C) may cause uneven weight distribution. Moving both crutches and weaker leg together (D) may not provide adequate support for the weaker leg.

An adult suffered 2nd and third degree burns over 20% of hid body 2 days ago. What is the best way to assess the client’s fluid balance?

  • A. Maintain strict records of intake and output
  • B. Monitor skin turgor
  • C. Weigh the client daily
  • D. Check for edema
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Maintain strict records of intake and output. This is the best way to assess fluid balance in a burn patient because it provides quantitative data on fluid intake and output, helping to monitor for fluid imbalance. Monitoring skin turgor (B) is unreliable in burn patients due to skin damage. Weighing the client daily (C) may not accurately reflect fluid balance changes. Checking for edema (D) is not specific to assessing fluid balance in burn patients. Maintaining intake and output records allows for precise monitoring and early detection of fluid shifts, making it the most appropriate choice.

A total thyroidectomy is ordered following discovery of a cold nodule. In this case of hyperthyroidism versus malignancy, the nurse anticipates that the patient will have:

  • A. A complete thyroidectomy also
  • B. a partial thyroidectomy (approximately one-half of the thyroid is removed)
  • C. a partial thyroidectomy (approximately five-sixths of the thyroid is removed)
  • D. administration of thyroid medication
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A complete thyroidectomy also. In the case of a cold nodule, which indicates potential malignancy, a total thyroidectomy is warranted to remove the entire thyroid gland to prevent the spread of cancer. A partial thyroidectomy, as in choices B and C, would not be sufficient in addressing malignancy. Administering thyroid medication, as in choice D, would not be appropriate for treating malignancy. Therefore, the correct approach is to perform a total thyroidectomy to ensure complete removal of the affected gland and to address both hyperthyroidism and potential malignancy.

Which of the ff is the effect of a decrease in the number of lymphocytes with age?

  • A. Decreased resistance to infection
  • B. Cognitive problems
  • C. Urinary incontinence
  • D. Decrease in various blood components
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased resistance to infection. Lymphocytes are a crucial part of the immune system, responsible for fighting off infections. A decrease in the number of lymphocytes with age leads to a weakened immune response, making individuals more susceptible to infections.

- Choice B: Cognitive problems, is not directly related to lymphocyte levels.
- Choice C: Urinary incontinence, is not a typical effect of decreased lymphocytes.
- Choice D: Decrease in various blood components, is too broad and not specific to the role of lymphocytes in immunity.

Nurse Amy teaches a group of nursing students about the factors that cuses biliary cirrhosis. Which factor is associated with the condition?

  • A. acute viral hepatitis
  • B. alcohol hepatotoxicity
  • C. chronic biliary inflammation or obstruction
  • D. hepatic failure with prolonged venous hepatic congestion
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: chronic biliary inflammation or obstruction. Biliary cirrhosis is a condition characterized by scarring of the liver due to long-term damage to the bile ducts. Chronic biliary inflammation or obstruction can lead to the build-up of bile in the liver, causing damage over time. Acute viral hepatitis (choice A) typically does not directly cause biliary cirrhosis. Alcohol hepatotoxicity (choice B) is more commonly associated with alcoholic liver disease rather than biliary cirrhosis. Hepatic failure with prolonged venous hepatic congestion (choice D) may lead to liver cirrhosis, but it is not specific to biliary cirrhosis.

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