Age Specific Care Quiz

Age Specific Care Quiz Related

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A client with undifferentiated schizophrenia is readmitted for an acute exacerbation of the disorder. The goal of hospitalization is symptom stabilization. The nurse has documented that, in addition to experiencing auditory hallucinations, the client seems uninterested in activities, has difficulty completing tasks, seems forgetful, and seems puzzled by information and directions given by staff. The nurse's plans for intervention will be effective if these behaviors are attributed to:

  • A. Social isolation
  • B. Deficient knowledge
  • C. Situational low self-esteem
  • D. Problems in cognitive functioning
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Problems in cognitive functioning. In undifferentiated schizophrenia, cognitive deficits are common, leading to difficulties in memory, attention, problem-solving, and executive functioning. The client's symptoms of forgetfulness, difficulty completing tasks, being puzzled by information, and auditory hallucinations are indicative of cognitive impairment. Interventions should focus on addressing these cognitive deficits to improve the client's ability to function.

Incorrect choices:
A: Social isolation - This choice does not address the cognitive deficits and symptoms described by the client, such as forgetfulness and difficulty completing tasks.
B: Deficient knowledge - While cognitive deficits may contribute to deficient knowledge, the primary concern in this scenario is the client's cognitive functioning impairments.
C: Situational low self-esteem - This choice does not explain the cognitive deficits and symptoms experienced by the client, which are more indicative of problems in cognitive functioning.

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Why did the risk of acquiring disease decrease for people living in cities since the 1850's?

  • A. The 'sanitation revolution' improved the water supplies
  • B. Urban residents received more regular vaccinations
  • C. Antibiotics were more readily used
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The sanitation revolution, along with vaccinations and antibiotics, collectively reduced disease risk in cities since the 1850s.

A worker is characterized by her co-workers as 'painfully shy' and lacking in self-confidence. Her co-workers say she stays in her cubicle all day, never coming out for breaks or lunch. One day after falling on the ice in the parking lot, she goes to the nurse's office, where she apologizes for falling and mentions that she hopes the company will not fire her for being so clumsy. Which nursing approach or response would be most therapeutic?

  • A. Remain professional and a bit detached so as not to arouse suspiciousness on her part.
  • B. Reassure her that many others have fallen at work and not ever been criticized or fired.
  • C. Acknowledge her concerns in a matter-of-fact manner and provide first aid as needed.
  • D. Explain that an incident report about her fall will go to a manager who will contact her.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it focuses on reassurance and empathy, which are important in therapeutic communication. By reassuring the worker that others have fallen without facing negative consequences, the nurse is validating her feelings and reducing her anxiety. This approach helps build trust and rapport, essential for effective communication and support.

Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the worker's emotional needs or provide the reassurance she requires. Option A suggests remaining detached, which may come across as uncaring. Option C focuses solely on providing first aid and does not acknowledge the worker's concerns. Option D introduces the fear of potential consequences without providing any reassurance or emotional support, which could increase the worker's anxiety.

An 85-year-old client with dementia has a nursing diagnosis of Self-care deficit: bathing, hygiene. She lives at home and has not bathed for a month. Her 67-year-old daughter states that she thinks her mother may have forgotten how to take a shower. An appropriate outcome would be that the client will:

  • A. Bathe daily with reminders
  • B. Bathe twice weekly with assistance
  • C. Allow the nurse to totally manage hygiene
  • D. Remain free of skin diseases/lesions
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bathe twice weekly with assistance. This outcome is appropriate because it takes into account the client's dementia and self-care deficit while also promoting hygiene and independence. Daily bathing may be overwhelming for the client and may not be necessary for maintaining good hygiene. Allowing the nurse to totally manage hygiene (choice C) may not promote the client's independence. Remaining free of skin diseases/lesions (choice D) is important but may not directly address the self-care deficit. Bathe twice weekly with assistance strikes a balance between promoting hygiene and respecting the client's abilities and limitations.

A client with catatonic schizophrenia has been posturing, standing with his left arm upraised and his right foot off the floor. For the most part, he ignores attempts at nursing intervention but will occasionally walk, sit, or lie down for a few minutes. The client eats standing up if the nurse brings a tray to the room. The priority nursing order would be to:

  • A. Insist that client sit or lie down for 30 minutes hourly
  • B. Assess for lower extremity edema bid
  • C. Provide high-calorie drinks hourly
  • D. Take client to activities therapy once daily
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess for lower extremity edema bid. It is important to assess for lower extremity edema in this client with catatonic schizophrenia as posturing in a standing position for prolonged periods can lead to decreased circulation and potential development of edema. This assessment is crucial to monitor the client's physical health and prevent complications such as deep vein thrombosis.

Choice A is incorrect as insisting the client sit or lie down for 30 minutes hourly may not address the underlying issue of potential lower extremity edema and could potentially worsen the client's condition by causing distress.

Choice C is incorrect as providing high-calorie drinks hourly does not address the immediate physical health concern of lower extremity edema and may not be appropriate without a comprehensive assessment of the client's nutritional needs.

Choice D is incorrect as taking the client to activities therapy once daily does not address the immediate need for assessing lower extremity edema and may not be suitable if the client's physical health

CT scans of the brains of some young schizophrenics show than normal

  • A. wider ventricles
  • B. smaller fissures
  • C. smaller ventricles
  • D. fewer fissures
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Enlarged ventricles in schizophrenics suggest brain abnormalities linked to the disorder.

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