Nokea
A community health nurse is conducting a neighborhood discussion group about disaster planning. What information regarding transmission of anthrax should the nurse provide to the group?
- A. Infection is acquired when anthrax spores enter a host.
- B. Mature anthrax bacteria live dormant on inanimate objects.
- C. Spores cannot survive for extended periods outside a living host.
- D. Anthrax is transmitted by respiratory droplets from person to person.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct information the nurse should provide is that anthrax infection occurs when spores enter a host. Choice B is incorrect as mature anthrax bacteria do not live dormant on inanimate objects. Choice C is incorrect as anthrax spores can survive for extended periods outside a living host. Choice D is incorrect as anthrax is not transmitted by respiratory droplets from person to person.
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As the new PHN in barangay Masinag, what is necessary to conduct in order to get a picture of the health and social status of the community?
- A. Mass information campaign
- B. Home visit
- C. Community assembly
- D. Community health survey
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: To accurately assess the health and social status of a community, conducting a community health survey is essential. This method provides a comprehensive and systematic way to gather data on various health indicators and social determinants within the community. Choices A, B, and C are not as effective in providing a holistic view of the community's health and social status. A mass information campaign may raise awareness but lacks in-depth data collection, a home visit focuses on individual households rather than the entire community, and a community assembly may not reach all community members or provide structured data collection.
Which of the following tools is used by community health nurses to identify the health needs of a population?
- A. Health survey
- B. Medical records
- C. Patient interviews
- D. Epidemiological studies
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Epidemiological studies are used by community health nurses to identify the health needs of a population. These studies involve investigating patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined populations. While health surveys, medical records, and patient interviews are valuable tools in healthcare, epidemiological studies provide a broader population-based perspective essential for understanding and addressing community health needs.
The nurse is caring for a client on mechanical ventilation. When performing endotracheal suctioning, the nurse will avoid hypoxia by
- A. Inserting a fenestrated catheter with a whistle tip without suction
- B. Completing the suction pass in 30 seconds with a pressure of 150 mm Hg
- C. Hyperoxygenating with 100% O2 for 1 to 2 minutes before and after each suction pass
- D. Minimizing the suction pass to 60 seconds while slowly rotating the lubricated catheter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperoxygenating the client before and after suctioning helps prevent hypoxia by ensuring adequate oxygen levels during the procedure, which briefly interrupts the client's normal breathing pattern. Choice A is incorrect because inserting a fenestrated catheter with a whistle tip without suction would not prevent hypoxia. Choice B is incorrect as completing the suction pass in 30 seconds with a pressure of 150 mm Hg may lead to hypoxia. Choice D is incorrect as minimizing the suction pass to 60 seconds may not provide enough time for effective suctioning and could lead to hypoxia.
While discussing the science of nursing, the nurse identifies the domain of nursing theory. Which linkages should the nurse provide to describe nursing's paradigm?
- A. The person, the environment or situation, and health.
- B. Stress reduction, self-care, and a systems model.
- C. Curative care, restorative care, and terminal care.
- D. Self-actualization, fundamental needs, and belonging.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'The person, the environment or situation, and health.' In nursing theory, the paradigm includes these core components: the person receiving care, the environment or situation influencing care, and the goal of achieving optimal health outcomes. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the fundamental aspects of nursing theory and its paradigm.
How do integrative models of human health see health factors?
- A. derived solely from physical phenomena
- B. intertwined and interactive, with multiple components such as physical, psychological, and social
- C. generally being attributable to psychosocial problems in individuals
- D. effective only when combined and integrated with alternative therapies
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Integrative models of human health consider health factors as intertwined and interactive, involving various components like physical, psychological, and social aspects. This holistic approach recognizes that health is influenced by a combination of factors, not just physical phenomena (choice A). While psychosocial problems can impact health, integrative models go beyond attributing health solely to psychosocial issues (choice C). Additionally, integrative models do not imply that health is effective only when combined with alternative therapies (choice D), but rather emphasize the interconnectedness of various health components.