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A nurse is admitting a client who has an abdominal wound with a large amount of purulent drainage. Which of the following types of transmission precautions should the nurse initiate?
- A. Droplet precautions
- B. Protective environment
- C. Airborne precautions
- D. Contact precautions
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Contact precautions. This is because purulent drainage indicates the presence of infectious material that can easily be transmitted through direct contact. By implementing contact precautions, the nurse can prevent the spread of infection to themselves and others. Droplet precautions (A) are used for pathogens spread through respiratory droplets, protective environment (B) is used for immunocompromised patients, and airborne precautions (C) are used for pathogens that remain suspended in the air. These precautions are not relevant to the situation described with purulent drainage.
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Which of the following actions best demonstrates effective delegation by a nurse manager?
- A. Retaining all tasks
- B. Assigning tasks without supervision
- C. Delegating tasks and providing oversight
- D. Avoiding delegation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because effective delegation involves assigning tasks to appropriate staff members while providing oversight. This ensures tasks are completed safely and accurately. Retaining all tasks (A) does not promote staff development. Assigning tasks without supervision (B) can lead to errors. Avoiding delegation (D) limits staff growth. Effective delegation (C) maximizes efficiency and empowers staff.
What is the primary reason for conducting a performance appraisal?
- A. Providing constructive feedback.
- B. Imposing punishment.
- C. Identifying issues.
- D. Offering coaching.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing constructive feedback. Performance appraisals are primarily conducted to give employees feedback on their performance, highlighting strengths and areas for improvement. This helps employees understand their performance, set goals, and develop professionally. Choice B is incorrect as performance appraisals should not be used for punishment but for development. Choice C is incorrect as appraisals focus on identifying performance-related issues, not general issues. Choice D is incorrect because while coaching may be a part of the appraisal process, the main purpose is to provide feedback.
Which of the following best describes intrinsic values?
- A. Intrinsic values are often abstract ideas.
- B. Intrinsic values are basic needs for sustaining life.
- C. Intrinsic values are qualities patients consider to be important in their private lives.
- D. Intrinsic values are qualities patients consider important for nurses to have.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Intrinsic values are basic needs for sustaining life.
Rationale:
1. Intrinsic values refer to inherent qualities that are fundamental and essential.
2. Basic needs for sustaining life, such as food, water, shelter, and safety, are considered intrinsic values.
3. These needs are universal and essential for human survival.
4. Choices A, C, and D describe different aspects of values but do not capture the core concept of intrinsic values as essential for survival.
An RN enters a patient’s room to place an indwelling urinary catheter, as ordered by the health-care professional. The client is alert and oriented and tells the RN he wants to leave the hospital now and not receive further treatment. Which of the following actions by the RN would be considered false imprisonment?
- A. The RN tells the client he is not allowed to leave until the physician has released him.
- B. The RN asks the client why he wishes to leave.
- C. The RN asks the client to explain what he understands about his medical diagnosis.
- D. The RN asks the client to sign an against medical advice discharge form.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the RN is restricting the patient's freedom to leave the hospital against his will, which constitutes false imprisonment. The patient has the right to refuse treatment and leave the facility. Choice B is incorrect because asking the client why he wishes to leave shows respect for his autonomy. Choice C is incorrect as it pertains to educating the patient about his medical condition, not restricting his freedom. Choice D is incorrect as asking the client to sign an against medical advice form is a way to document his decision and protect the healthcare provider legally.
The nurse is preparing to teach a 43-year-old man who is newly diagnosed with type 2
diabetes about home management of the disease. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Ask the patient’s family to participate in the diabetes education program.
- B. Assess the patient’s perception of what it means to have diabetes mellitus.
- C. Demonstrate how to check glucose using capillary blood glucose monitoring.
- D. Discuss the need for the patient to actively participate in diabetes management.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess the patient’s perception of what it means to have diabetes mellitus. This is the first step because understanding the patient's perception allows the nurse to tailor education to address any misconceptions or concerns. It helps establish a baseline of the patient's knowledge and beliefs about diabetes, enabling the nurse to provide accurate and relevant information.
Option A is incorrect as involving the family should come after assessing the patient's individual understanding and needs. Option C is incorrect as demonstrating blood glucose monitoring should follow assessing the patient's perception to ensure relevance. Option D is incorrect as discussing active participation should also come after assessing the patient's perception to ensure the information is personalized and effective.