Nokea
A community health nurse is educating a parent about the importance of hepatitis B immunization. Which of the following explanations should the nurse give the parent about the disease?
- A. One dose of the immunization gives children lifelong protection from hepatitis B
- B. Hepatitis B spreads easily among children through casual contact
- C. Many people who acquire acute hepatitis B develop chronic hepatitis
- D. People who have had a hepatitis B infection still need the immunization
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Many people who acquire acute hepatitis B develop chronic hepatitis. This explanation is important for the parent to understand the potential long-term consequences of hepatitis B infection. Acute hepatitis B can progress to chronic hepatitis in some cases, leading to liver damage and other complications. It highlights the seriousness of the disease and the importance of prevention through vaccination.
Choice A is incorrect because although hepatitis B vaccination provides long-lasting protection, it may not necessarily offer lifelong immunity. Choice B is incorrect as hepatitis B is primarily transmitted through exposure to infected blood or body fluids, not casual contact among children. Choice D is incorrect because prior infection does not confer complete immunity, so immunization is still recommended.
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A home health nurse is scheduled for a first-time visit to a client. Which of the following should the nurse perform first?
- A. Blood pressure screening
- B. Mental status examination
- C. Review of the neighborhood
- D. Family history
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Review of the neighborhood. This should be performed first to assess the safety and environment of the client's home, ensuring the nurse's safety and the ability to provide care effectively. It helps identify potential hazards or resources in the community. Blood pressure screening (A) can wait until after ensuring a safe environment. Mental status examination (B) is important but can be conducted after assessing the neighborhood. Family history (D) is not a priority for the first visit.
A nurse of a community clinic is preparing an educational guide about cultural variances in expression of pain. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Middle Eastern cultural practices include hiding pain from close family members
- B. Native American cultural practices include being outspoken about pain
- C. Puerto Rican cultural practices include the view that outspoken expressions of pain are shameful
- D. Chinese cultural practices include enduring pain to prevent family dishonor
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Chinese cultural practices include enduring pain to prevent family dishonor. In Chinese culture, there is a strong emphasis on family honor and saving face. Expressing pain openly may be viewed as a sign of weakness and may bring shame to the family. Therefore, individuals may choose to endure pain silently to avoid dishonoring their family.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Middle Eastern cultural practices include hiding pain from close family members - This is not necessarily a common practice in Middle Eastern cultures and may not accurately represent the diverse ways pain is expressed.
B: Native American cultural practices include being outspoken about pain - While some Native American cultures may value openness about pain, it is not a universal practice among all tribes and communities.
C: Puerto Rican cultural practices include the view that outspoken expressions of pain are shameful - While there may be individuals within Puerto Rican culture who hold this belief, it is not a widely recognized cultural practice.
A nurse is teaching a group of school-age children about healthy snack options. Which of the following snacks should the nurse include?
- A. Cheesecake
- B. Air-popped popcorn
- C. Milkshake made with whole milk
- D. Baked potato chips
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Air-popped popcorn. Popcorn is a whole grain snack that is high in fiber and low in calories, making it a healthy option for school-age children. It provides sustained energy and promotes satiety. It is also a good source of vitamins and minerals. Cheesecake (A) is high in sugar and saturated fat, not a healthy choice. Milkshake made with whole milk (C) is high in sugar and saturated fat, lacking nutritional value. Baked potato chips (D) are still high in fat and calories compared to air-popped popcorn. Overall, air-popped popcorn is the best choice among the options provided for a healthy snack for school-age children.
A community health nurse is planning a program for adolescents about preventing STIs. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Collect data to identify barriers to learning
- B. Establish methods to evaluate program outcomes
- C. Obtain visual aids that feature adolescents
- D. Provide computer-based education
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Collect data to identify barriers to learning. This should be the first step because understanding the specific challenges and obstacles that adolescents face in learning about preventing STIs is crucial for designing an effective program. By collecting data, the nurse can tailor the program to address the specific needs of the target audience, ensuring that the information is relevant and accessible.
Choice B, establishing methods to evaluate program outcomes, would come later in the program planning process after the content has been developed and implemented. Choice C, obtaining visual aids featuring adolescents, and choice D, providing computer-based education, are also important but should be considered after identifying barriers to learning to enhance the effectiveness of the program.
A community health nurse observes the accumulation of garbage at a neighborhood playground. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first to promote a clean and safe environment?
- A. Meet with community members to discuss methods of playground maintenance
- B. Partner city officials with community members to improve the playground condition
- C. Work with local businesses to sponsor more trash receptacles in the playground
- D. Engage neighborhood families to monitor the playground for further trash buildup
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Meet with community members to discuss methods of playground maintenance. This is the first action the nurse should take because it involves engaging the community in addressing the issue collectively. By involving community members in the discussion, the nurse can gather insights, ideas, and support to develop effective strategies for maintaining the playground. This approach fosters community ownership and empowers residents to take responsibility for the cleanliness and safety of the playground.
Other choices are incorrect because:
B: Partnering with city officials may be necessary, but involving the community directly should be the initial step.
C: Working with local businesses to sponsor more trash receptacles may help, but community involvement is crucial for sustainable change.
D: Engaging neighborhood families to monitor the playground is important, but community collaboration is needed to address the root cause of the issue.