Nokea
A community health nurse is helping a group of nursing students plan a tertiary prevention program for a local community clinic that serves a majority Hispanic population. Which service project meets the requirement of a tertiary prevention program and would best serve this population?
- A. Teach clients about recommended immunizations for children.
- B. Instruct teens about prevention of sexually transmitted diseases.
- C. Take blood pressures at a local shopping mall in the community.
- D. Demonstrate foot care to a group of clients who have diabetes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Demonstrating foot care for diabetic clients is tertiary prevention, focusing on managing complications of an existing condition, highly relevant for a Hispanic population with a high prevalence of diabetes.
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Several clients who have recently come to the local health clinic in a rural county are diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). After reporting the occurrence to the health department, which community focused action should the nurse implement first?
- A. Collaborate with local schools in screening children.
- B. Develop a community educational program.
- C. Provide referrals for home health care follow up.
- D. Perform a community health assessment.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A community health assessment is the first step to understand the extent of the TB outbreak, identify high-risk groups, and tailor interventions like screening or education effectively.
After assessing the health care needs of an elementary school, the nurse determines that an increased prevalence of pediculosis capitis is a priority problem. The nurse develops a 2-month program with the goal to eradicate the condition in the school. The program includes educational pamphlets sent home to parents and regular assessment of children by the school nurse. Which action should the nurse implement to evaluate the effectiveness of the program?
- A. Evaluate the teacher's ability to identify pediculosis capitis 2 months after initiation of the program.
- B. Measure the prevalence of pediculosis capitis among the children after four months.
- C. Survey parents 3 weeks after pamphlets are sent home to assess their understanding of the condition.
- D. Conduct an initial examination of each child in the school to obtain baseline data.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Measuring prevalence after the program compares pre- and post-intervention rates, directly assessing the program's success in reducing pediculosis cases.
The epidemiological triad can be used to frame strategies for the prevention of farm machinery injuries. Which action should the nurse take to focus on the agent?
- A. Provide rehabilitation services to injured farm hands.
- B. Work with legislators to mandate safe tractor design.
- C. Teach farm workers not to smoke around farm equipment.
- D. Translate written vehicle instructions into picture format.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mandating safe tractor design targets the agent (machinery) in the epidemiological triad, reducing injury risk by improving equipment safety features.
The elementary school nurse has identified a problem requiring a secondary intervention. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Instruct on technique of 'stop, drop & roll' at assembly.
- B. Involve the parent teacher association (PTA) in a fund raising event for the new gym.
- C. Invite 1st grade parents to a 'Meet the Teachers' event.
- D. Send letters to parents regarding a recent lice infestation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sending letters about a lice infestation is a secondary prevention intervention, addressing an identified problem to control its spread.
The school nurse is assessing a group of middle school students for signs of scoliosis and discovers a student with a noticeable unequal symmetry of the upper and lower back. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
- A. Make a referral to have the scoliosis further evaluated.
- B. Measure the degree of the thoracic and lumbar curvature.
- C. Ask about the student's ability to participate in sports.
- D. Review students health record for a recent growth spurt.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Referring for further evaluation by a specialist ensures accurate diagnosis and timely management of potential scoliosis, addressing the observed asymmetry.