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A community health nurse is working with a family that is struggling to adapt following the loss of a family member. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Refer the family to a grief support group.
- B. Determine the roles of individual family members.
- C. Encourage the family to assign specific tasks to individual family members.
- D. Assist the family to establish a daily routine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Determine the roles of individual family members. This is the first step because understanding the roles within the family will help identify strengths and resources to support them through the grieving process. By determining roles, the nurse can assess each family member's needs and abilities, facilitating targeted interventions. Referral to a grief support group (A) may be beneficial later, but understanding family dynamics comes first. While assigning tasks (C) and establishing a routine (D) are important, they should come after identifying roles to ensure they are tailored to the family's specific needs.
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A community health nurse is planning an educational program for a group of women who are postmenopausal. Which of the following outcomes is appropriate for this program?
- A. Clients will schedule bone density screening
- B. Clients will arrange for mammograms every 3 years
- C. Clients will start hormone replacement therapy
- D. Clients will significantly decrease caloric intake
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clients will schedule bone density screening. This outcome is appropriate because postmenopausal women are at increased risk for osteoporosis, making bone density screening crucial for early detection and prevention. It is a proactive measure to assess bone health and reduce the risk of fractures.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
B: Clients will arrange for mammograms every 3 years - While mammograms are important for breast cancer screening, the focus of this program is on postmenopausal women's specific health needs related to bone health.
C: Clients will start hormone replacement therapy - Hormone replacement therapy has risks and benefits and should be individualized based on a woman's specific health history and needs. It is not a universal recommendation for all postmenopausal women.
D: Clients will significantly decrease caloric intake - Caloric intake is important for overall health, but the specific focus of this program is on bone health and screening, not weight management.
A faith-based organization asks a community health nurse to develop a mobile meal program for older adults. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
- A. Determine potential funding sources for the program
- B. Inquire about the availability of volunteers
- C. Identify alternative solutions to address concerns
- D. Perform a needs assessment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Perform a needs assessment. This is because conducting a needs assessment is the first crucial step in program planning. It helps the nurse to gather data on the specific needs and preferences of older adults in the community. This data will guide the nurse in developing a mobile meal program that is tailored to meet the actual needs of the target population.
Option A: Determining potential funding sources should come after identifying the specific needs of the population, as funding sources will be based on the program's requirements.
Option B: Inquiring about the availability of volunteers is important but should be considered after understanding the needs of the older adults.
Option C: Identifying alternative solutions is premature without first understanding the actual needs of the population through a needs assessment.
In summary, performing a needs assessment is the first step as it provides essential information to guide the development of an effective and targeted mobile meal program for older adults.
A home health nurse is caring for a client who has chemotherapy-induced nausea that has been resistant to relief from pharmacological measures. Which of the following interventions should the nurse initiate? (Select all that apply)
- A. Use seasonings to enhance the flavor of foods
- B. Provide sips of room temperature ginger ale between meals
- C. Maintain the head of the client's bed in an elevated position after eating
- D. Offer 120 ml (4 oz.) of cold 2% milk as a meal replacement
- E. Assist the client in using guided imagery
Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale: The correct interventions for the client with chemotherapy-induced nausea are B, C, and E.
B: Providing sips of room temperature ginger ale can help alleviate nausea due to its antiemetic properties.
C: Maintaining the head of the client's bed in an elevated position after eating can prevent acid reflux and reduce nausea.
E: Assisting the client in using guided imagery can help distract from nausea and promote relaxation.
Incorrect choices:
A: Using seasonings may exacerbate nausea in some clients.
D: Offering cold milk as a meal replacement may not be well-tolerated by a nauseated client and could worsen symptoms.
In summary, the correct interventions focus on soothing the stomach, promoting relaxation, and preventing exacerbation of nausea, while the incorrect choices may not directly address the client's symptoms or could potentially worsen them.
A nurse manager in a local community health agency is creating a job description for a new nurse who will practice community-oriented nursing. Which of the following should the nurse include in the job description? (Select all that apply)
- A. Investigate potential health and environmental issues
- B. Initiate support groups for parents of autistic children
- C. Provide wound care for clients in their homes
- D. Participate in local health surveillance activities
- E. Provide health-related education to community groups
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The correct answer includes choices A, B, D, and E. Choice A is essential as investigating potential health and environmental issues is crucial in community-oriented nursing to identify and address health concerns. Choice B is important as initiating support groups for parents of autistic children promotes community well-being. Choice D is necessary as participating in local health surveillance activities helps in monitoring community health trends. Choice E is crucial as providing health-related education to community groups promotes health awareness and prevention. Choices C, F, and G are incorrect as they do not directly align with the scope of community-oriented nursing, which focuses on population-based care and health promotion rather than individual wound care or unspecified activities.
A nurse is planning a program about healthy eating at an elementary school where most students select French fries and pizza at lunch every day. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take first?
- A. Give positive feedback to students who make appropriate choices.
- B. Help students recognize the value of making healthy food choices.
- C. Provide students with resources about making wise choices independently.
- D. Determine students' motivation to learn about healthy food choices.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Determine students' motivation to learn about healthy food choices. This is the first step because understanding the students' motivation will help tailor the program effectively. By assessing their motivation, the nurse can identify potential barriers to making healthy choices and address them in the program. Positive feedback (A) and resources (C) are important but should come after understanding motivation. Helping students recognize the value of healthy choices (B) is crucial, but motivation assessment precedes this step.