Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions

Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions Related

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A complete blood count is commonly performed before a client goes into surgery. What does this test seek to identify?

  • A. Potential hepatic dysfunction indicated by decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels
  • B. Low levels of urine constituents normally excreted in the urine
  • C. Abnormally low hematocrit (HCT) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels
  • D. Electrolyte imbalance that could affect the blood's ability to coagulate properly
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A complete blood count (CBC) is a common blood test that provides important information about the types and numbers of cells in the blood, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The primary purpose of performing a CBC before surgery is to identify any abnormalities in the blood that could affect the patient's ability to undergo the surgical procedure safely. Abnormally low hematocrit (HCT) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels indicated by a CBC may suggest anemia, which could impact the patient's ability to tolerate surgery and anesthesia. Anemia can result in decreased oxygen delivery to tissues and organs, leading to potential complications during surgery. Therefore, identifying low HCT and Hb levels through a CBC allows healthcare providers to take appropriate measures to address and manage the condition before proceeding with surgery.

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Metabolic derangement secondary to tumor lysis syndrome in children includes all the following EXCEPT

  • A. hyperuricemia
  • B. hypernatremia
  • C. hyperkalemia
  • D. hyperphosphatemia
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hypernatremia is not typically associated with tumor lysis syndrome, whereas hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, and hyperphosphatemia are common.

Why should the nurse closely monitor older adults when they are receiving IV therapy? Choose all that apply

  • A. Because their defense mechanisms are less efficient
  • B. Because they are prone to fluid overload
  • C. Because they are prone to reduced renal efficiency
  • D. Because they have inadequate intake of dietary fiber
Correct Answer: E

Rationale: Older adults should be closely monitored when receiving IV therapy because their defense mechanisms are less efficient (A) as they age, making them more susceptible to infections and complications from invasive procedures like IV therapy. Additionally, older adults are prone to reduced renal efficiency (C), which can affect their ability to excrete excess fluids and electrolytes properly. Monitoring for signs of fluid overload and renal impairment is crucial in this population to prevent adverse outcomes related to IV therapy.

The nurse is assigned to a client with polymyositis. Which expected outcome in the plan of care relates to a potential problem associated with polymyositis?

  • A. "Client will lose 2lb per week on a calorie-restricted diet."
  • B. "Client will exhibit no signs or symptoms of aspiration."
  • C. "Client will exhibit bowel and bladder continence."
  • D. "Client will exhibit alertness and orientation to person, place, and time."
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Polymyositis is a condition that involves inflammation of the muscles, including the muscles involved in swallowing (dysphagia) and breathing. This can lead to a higher risk of aspiration, where food or fluids go into the airway instead of the esophagus. Therefore, monitoring for signs and symptoms of aspiration and ensuring the client exhibits no signs of aspiration are crucial in the care of a client with polymyositis. The other options are not directly related to the potential problems associated with polymyositis and are more general aspects of nursing care.

The age at which the infant can see an object, grasp it, and bring it to the mouth is

  • A. 4 months
  • B. 5 months
  • C. 6 months
  • D. 7 months
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: This milestone is typically achieved around 4 months.

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is ordered for an adult client. Which nutrient is not likely to be in the solution?

  • A. dextrose
  • B. electrolytes
  • C. trace minerals
  • D. amino acids
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a method of providing nutrition intravenously to individuals who are unable to obtain adequate nutrition through oral or enteral routes. The components of a TPN solution typically include dextrose (a source of carbohydrates for energy), amino acids (building blocks of proteins), electrolytes (such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium to maintain proper balance), vitamins, and trace elements (such as zinc and selenium). Trace minerals are essential for various metabolic functions in the body, and their inclusion in TPN solutions is crucial to prevent deficiencies. Therefore, trace minerals are likely to be present in TPN solutions, making them an essential component, unlike the other options provided in the question.

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