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A consumer at a rehabilitative psychosocial program says to the nurse, 'People are not cleaning up behind themselves in the bathrooms. The building is dirty and cluttered.' How should the nurse respond?
- A. Encourage the consumer to discuss it at a meeting with everyone
- B. Hire a professional cleaning service to clean the restrooms
- C. Address the complaint at the next staff meeting
- D. Tell the consumer, 'Thats not my problem'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Consumer-run programs range from informal clubhouses, which offer socialization and recreation, to competitive businesses, such as snack bars or janitorial services, which provide needed services and consumer employment while encouraging independence and building vocational skills. Consumers engage in problem solving under the leadership of staff.
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According to family systems theory, removing the 'identified patient' from the environment most likely causes the:
- A. patient to decompensate, due to the loss of their support system
- B. patient to significantly improve, often with minimal or no additional therapy
- C. remaining family members to decompensate, as evidenced by new dysfunctional behavior
- D. remaining family members to lose motivation and withdraw from therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Family systems theory posits that removing the 'patient' shifts dysfunction to other members, revealing underlying systemic issues.
In the powerpoint activity for this lesson, you witnessed photographs of typical weekly food consumptions for families in various countries. Which country depicted a photograph of a family who consumed the LEAST amount of fruits and vegetables and the MOST amount of processed food?
- A. Germany
- B. Poland
- C. Chad
- D. United States
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The United States is often depicted with diets high in processed foods and low in fruits and vegetables, reflecting modern consumption patterns.
Which of the following is the most effective strategy to prevent relapse in anorexia nervosa?
- A. Focusing solely on weight gain.
- B. Providing a structured meal plan and ongoing emotional support.
- C. Encouraging weight loss to maintain control.
- D. Limiting the patient's exposure to food-related discussions.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because providing a structured meal plan and ongoing emotional support addresses both the physical and psychological aspects of anorexia nervosa. Structured meal plans help establish healthy eating habits, while emotional support addresses underlying triggers and promotes mental well-being. Focusing solely on weight gain (A) neglects the emotional component of the disorder. Encouraging weight loss (C) reinforces harmful behaviors. Limiting food-related discussions (D) does not address the root causes of anorexia nervosa. In summary, B is the most effective strategy as it tackles both the physical and emotional aspects of the disorder.
A 19-year-old client is admitted for the second time in 9 months and is acutely psychotic with a diagnosis of undifferentiated schizophrenia. The client sits alone rubbing her arms and smiling. She tells the nurse her thoughts cause earthquakes and that the world is burning. The nurse assesses the primary deficit associated with the client's condition as:
- A. Altered mood states
- B. Disturbed thinking
- C. Social isolation
- D. Poor impulse control
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Disturbed thinking. This is because the client's belief that her thoughts cause earthquakes and the world is burning indicates a break from reality, a hallmark of psychosis in schizophrenia. This demonstrates disorganized and illogical thinking, a key symptom of disturbed thinking. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Altered mood states typically refer to emotional disturbances, which are not the primary deficit in this scenario; C) Social isolation is a consequence of the client's symptoms but not the primary deficit; D) Poor impulse control is not the primary deficit in this case as the client's behavior is more indicative of disorganized thinking.
The affective losses of Alzheimer's disease refer to losses noticed in the individual's:
- A. Personality
- B. Thought processes
- C. Ability to make and carry out plans
- D. Self-care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The affective losses of Alzheimer's disease refer to changes in emotions and mood, impacting personality traits. This is because the disease affects areas of the brain responsible for regulating emotions. Personality changes are commonly observed in individuals with Alzheimer's. Thought processes (choice B) are more related to cognitive decline, while ability to make and carry out plans (choice C) and self-care (choice D) are more associated with functional decline. Therefore, choice A is correct as it specifically addresses the affective aspect of the disease.