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A couple dining at a restaurant receives a bill for $58.60. They wish to leave a 16% gratuity. Which of the following is the estimated gratuity?
- A. $8.48
- B. $6.40
- C. $9.38
- D. $7.00
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To calculate a 16% gratuity on a bill of $58.60, you multiply $58.60 by 0.16, which equals $9.376. Rounding this to the nearest cent gives $9.38. Therefore, the estimated gratuity is $9.38. Choice A is incorrect as it does not accurately reflect the calculated amount. Choice B is also incorrect as it does not match the correct calculation. Choice D is incorrect as it is not the nearest estimated value to the calculated amount.
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Which of the following is the decimal form of 87.5%?
- A. 875
- B. 8,750
- C. 0.875
- D. 8.75
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To convert a percentage to a decimal, you move the decimal point two places to the left. Therefore, 87.5% as a decimal is 0.875. Choice A (875) is incorrect as it represents the percentage without converting to a decimal. Choice B (8,750) is incorrect as it represents the percentage in whole numbers without decimal conversion. Choice D (8.75) is incorrect as it represents 875% instead of 87.5%.
A bucket can hold 2500 mL. How many liters can the bucket hold?
- A. 0.25 L
- B. 25 L
- C. 2.5 L
- D. 250 L
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To convert milliliters (mL) to liters (L), you divide by 1000 since 1000 mL is equivalent to 1 liter. Therefore, 2500 mL is equal to 2.5 liters (2500 mL · 1000 = 2.5 L). Choice A (0.25 L) is incorrect as it represents a conversion error by a factor of 10. Choice B (25 L) is incorrect as it incorrectly multiplies instead of dividing by 1000. Choice D (250 L) is incorrect as it overestimates the conversion by a factor of 100.
What is the area of the largest circle that can fit entirely inside a rectangle that measures 8 centimeters by 10 centimeters?
- A. 18π cm²
- B. 10π cm²
- C. 16π cm²
- D. 8π cm²
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The largest circle that can fit inside the rectangle would have a diameter of 8 cm, which means the radius is half of the diameter, thus 4 cm. The area of a circle is calculated using the formula A = πr², where r is the radius. Substituting the radius value into the formula, the area of the circle is π(4)² = 16π cm². Therefore, the correct answer is 16π cm². Choice A (18π cm²), B (10π cm²), and D (8π cm²) are incorrect because they do not represent the area of the largest circle that fits inside the given rectangle.
In a class of 48 students, there are 22 boys and 26 girls. What is the ratio of girls to boys in the class?
- A. 26:11
- B. 13:11
- C. 13:22
- D. 11:13
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: To find the ratio of girls to boys, divide the number of girls by the number of boys: 26/22 = 13/11. Therefore, the correct ratio is 13:11. Choice A is incorrect as it includes an extra '00'. Choice C is incorrect as it reverses the order of girls to boys. Choice D is incorrect as it reverses the order and provides the ratio of boys to girls.
What is the least common multiple? What is the least common factor?
- A. The smallest number that both numbers multiply into; the smallest number that divides evenly into both
- B. The largest number that both numbers multiply into; the smallest number that divides evenly into both
- C. The smallest number that both numbers divide into evenly; the smallest number that multiplies into both
- D. The smallest number that both numbers divide into evenly; the smallest number that both multiply into
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The least common multiple is the smallest number that both numbers multiply into, which means it is the smallest number that both numbers can be evenly divided by without leaving a remainder. The least common factor, on the other hand, is the smallest number that divides both numbers without leaving a remainder. Therefore, choice A is correct as it accurately defines the least common multiple and factor. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they provide inaccurate definitions or mix up the concepts of multiplication and division in relation to finding the least common multiple and factor.