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A couple just learned they are expecting their first child and are curious if they are having a boy or a girl. At what point of development can the couple first expect to see the sex of their child on ultrasound?
- A. 4 weeks’ gestational age
- B. 6 weeks’ gestational age
- C. 10 weeks’ gestational age
- D. 16 weeks’ gestational age
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The fetal period begins at the ninth week, and by the tenth week the external genitalia are visible to ultrasound examination.
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A patient at 36 weeks gestation is undergoing a nonstress test (NST). The nurse observes the fetal heart rate baseline at 135 bpm and four nonepisodic patterns of the fetal heart rate reaching 160 bpm for 20-25 seconds each. How will the nurse record these findings?
- A. NST positive, nonreassuring
- B. NST negative, reassuring
- C. NST reactive, reassuring
- D. NST nonreactive, nonreassuring
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An NST is reactive and reassuring when two or more accelerations occur within 20 minutes, indicating fetal well-being.
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient who is at 32 weeks gestation and reports experiencing frequent heartburn. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for the nurse to recommend?
- A. Lie down immediately after meals to help with digestion.
- B. Eat smaller meals more frequently throughout the day.
- C. Drink large amounts of water after meals to dilute stomach acid.
- D. Avoid eating spicy foods and take antacids regularly.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Eat smaller meals more frequently throughout the day. This intervention is appropriate because smaller, more frequent meals can help reduce the pressure on the stomach, decrease acid reflux, and alleviate heartburn symptoms in pregnant patients. By eating smaller meals, the pregnant patient can prevent the stomach from becoming overly full and reduce the likelihood of stomach acid regurgitating into the esophagus. This approach promotes better digestion, minimizes discomfort, and supports the overall well-being of the patient and the fetus.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Lying down immediately after meals can worsen heartburn by allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.
C: Drinking large amounts of water after meals can further distend the stomach and exacerbate heartburn symptoms.
D: Although avoiding spicy foods and taking antacids may provide temporary relief, they do not address the root cause of the issue and may not be as effective as adopting a dietary change like eating smaller, more frequent meals
A nurse is assessing a postpartum person for signs of thrombophlebitis. What is the most common sign of thrombophlebitis?
- A. redness and swelling in the calf
- B. pain and swelling in the leg
- C. hardening of the calf
- D. heat intolerance in the leg
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: pain and swelling in the leg. Thrombophlebitis is inflammation of a vein due to a blood clot, commonly occurring in the lower extremities. Pain and swelling are classic symptoms due to the clot obstructing blood flow. Redness and heat may be present but are not as specific. Hardening of the calf is not a common sign. Heat intolerance in the leg is not a typical symptom of thrombophlebitis.
A nurse is assisting with a vaginal birth and is monitoring for the risk of umbilical cord prolapse. Which is the most appropriate intervention if the cord is prolapsed?
- A. place the person in the knee-chest position
- B. reposition the laboring person
- C. administer oxygen via mask
- D. apply pressure to the cord
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: place the person in the knee-chest position. Placing the person in this position helps alleviate pressure on the umbilical cord, reducing the risk of compression and improving fetal oxygenation. Other choices like repositioning the laboring person or administering oxygen via mask do not directly address the issue of cord prolapse. Applying pressure to the cord can further compromise blood flow to the fetus. The knee-chest position is the most appropriate intervention as it helps relieve pressure on the cord and is crucial in managing umbilical cord prolapse effectively.
A client enters the prenatal clinic. She states that she missed her period yesterday and used a home pregnancy test this morning. She states that the results were negative, but 'I still think I am pregnant.' Which of the following statements would be appropriate for the nurse to make at this time?
- A. Your period is probably just irregular.
- B. We could do a blood test to check.
- C. Home pregnancy test results are very accurate.
- D. My recommendation would be to repeat the test in one week.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A blood test is more accurate than a home pregnancy test, especially early in pregnancy. Repeating the test in a week is also an option, but a blood test provides more immediate and reliable results.