Nokea
A delusion is defined as seeing something that is not real
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A delusion is a fixed false belief, not a perception (hallucination involves seeing/hearing something not real).
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Sensory experiences that occur in the absence of a stimulus are called
- A. illusions
- B. hallucinations
- C. delusions
- D. affect episodes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hallucinations are perceptions without stimuli, distinct from illusions (misinterpretations).
A student transfers from a hometown college to a university 200 miles away after breaking up with her boyfriend of 2 years. She was slow to make friends at the university. The history shows a close relationship with her mother and sister. She began eating large quantities when she felt sad, and then she induced vomiting. When the student's schoolwork declined, she sought help. During the initial interview, what priority issue should the nurse address?
- A. Losses.
- B. Sleep patterns.
- C. School activities.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Losses. The priority issue the nurse should address is the student's losses, such as the breakup with her boyfriend and the difficulty in making friends at the new university. This is important because these losses may be contributing to her emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms like binge-eating and induced vomiting. The nurse needs to explore these losses to understand the root cause of the student's behavior and provide appropriate support.
Choice B: Sleep patterns, and Choice C: School activities are not the priority issues in this scenario. While sleep patterns and school activities are important aspects of the student's life, the primary concern here is addressing the emotional impact of the losses she has experienced.
Choice D: None of the above is incorrect because losses are indeed the priority issue that needs to be addressed in this situation. Ignoring the emotional impact of the student's losses could hinder the effectiveness of any interventions or support provided.
A patient remanded by the court after his wife had him jailed for battery told the judge how sorry he was and suggested he needed psychiatric help. His history reveals acting-out behaviors as an adolescent and several adult arrests. The nurse interviews him about his relationship with his wife. Which statement by the patient is most consistent with a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder?
- A. I've done some stupid things in my life, but I've learned a lesson.'
- B. I'm feeling terrible about the way my behavior has hurt my family.'
- C. I have a quick temper, but I can usually keep it under control.'
- D. I hit her because she nags at me. She deserves it when I beat her up.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it demonstrates a lack of remorse, empathy, and justification for violent behavior, which are key characteristics of antisocial personality disorder. The statement indicates a pattern of blaming others for his actions and a sense of entitlement to use violence as a means of control.
Choice A is incorrect because it shows acknowledgment of past mistakes and a willingness to learn from them, which is not typical of individuals with antisocial personality disorder. Choice B is incorrect as it reflects genuine regret and concern for the impact of his actions, which is inconsistent with the disorder. Choice C is incorrect because it implies an ability to control his temper, whereas individuals with antisocial personality disorder often struggle with impulsivity and aggression.
The most common eating disorder seen in patients presenting to hospital in Singapore is:
- A. Anorexia Nervosa
- B. Bulimia Nervosa
- C. Binge-Eating Disorder
- D. ARFID
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anorexia Nervosa is the most common eating disorder requiring hospital presentation in Singapore due to its severity and medical complications.
The nurse manager of a mental health center wants to improve medication adherence among the seriously mentally ill persons treated there. Which interventions are likely to help achieve this goal? Select one tha does not apply
- A. Maintain stable and consistent staff
- B. Increase the length of medication education groups
- C. Stress that without treatment, illnesses will worsen
- D. Prescribe drugs in smaller but more frequent dosages
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Trust in ones providers is a key factor in treatment adherence, and mentally ill persons can sometimes take a very long time to develop such trust; therefore, interventions which stabilize staffing allow patients to have more time with staff to develop these bonds. Ready access to prescribers allows medicine-related concerns to be addressed quickly, reducing obstacles to adherence such as side effects or ineffective dosages. Medication costs can be obstacles to adherence as well. Many SMI patients have anosognosia and do not adhere to treatment because they believe they are not ill, so telling them nonadherence will worsen an illness they do not believe they have is unlikely to be helpful. Increasing medication education is helpful only when the cause of nonadherence is a knowledge deficit. Other issues that reduce adherence, particularly anosognosia and side effects, are seldom helped by longer medication education. Requiring medication adherence to participate in other programs is coercive and unethical. Smaller, more frequent doses do not reduce side effects and make the regimen more difficult for the patient to remember.