Nokea
A diabetic nurse is working for the summer at a camp for adolescents with diabetes. When providing information on the prevention and management of hypoglycemia, what action should the nurse promote?
- A. Always carry a form of fast-acting sugar.
- B. Perform exercise prior to eating whenever possible.
- C. Eat a meal or snack every 8 hours.
- D. Check blood sugar at least every 24 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The following teaching points should be included in information provided to the patient on how to prevent hypoglycemia: Always carry a form of fast-acting sugar, increase food prior to exercise, eat a meal or snack every 4 to 5 hours, and check blood sugar regularly.
You may also like to solve these questions
A diabetes nurse is assessing a patients knowledge of self-care skills. What would be the most appropriate way for the educator to assess the patients knowledge of nutritional therapy in diabetes?
- A. Ask the patient to describe an optimally healthy meal.
- B. Ask the patient to keep a food diary and review it with the nurse.
- C. Ask the patients family what he typically eats.
- D. Ask the patient to describe a typical days food intake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reviewing the patients actual food intake is the most accurate method of gauging the patients diet.
The most recent blood work of a patient with a longstanding diagnosis of type 1 diabetes has shown the presence of microalbuminuria. What is the nurses most appropriate action?
- A. Teach the patient about actions to slow the progression of nephropathy.
- B. Ensure that the patient receives a comprehensive assessment of liver function.
- C. Determine whether the patient has been using expired insulin.
- D. Administer a fluid challenge and have the test repeated.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clinical nephropathy eventually develops in more than 85% of people with microalbuminuria. As such, educational interventions addressing this microvascular complication are warranted. Expired insulin does not cause nephropathy, and the patients liver function is not likely affected. There is no indication for the use of a fluid challenge.
A patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is attending a nutrition class. What general guideline would be important to teach the patients at this class?
- A. Low fat generally indicates low sugar.
- B. Protein should constitute 30% to 40% of caloric intake.
- C. Most calories should be derived from carbohydrates.
- D. Animal fats should be eliminated from the diet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Currently, the ADA and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (formerly the American Dietetic Association) recommend that for all levels of caloric intake, 50% to 60% of calories should be derived from carbohydrates, 20% to 30% from fat, and the remaining 10% to 20% from protein. Low fat does not automatically mean low sugar. Dietary animal fat does not need to be eliminated from the diet.
A patient with a longstanding diagnosis of type 1 diabetes has a history of poor glycemic control. The nurse recognizes the need to assess the patient for signs and symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy constitutes a risk for what nursing diagnosis?
- A. Infection
- B. Acute pain
- C. Acute confusion
- D. Impaired urinary elimination
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decreased sensations of pain and temperature place patients with neuropathy at increased risk for injury and undetected foot infections. The neurologic changes associated with peripheral neuropathy do not normally result in pain, confusion, or impairments in urinary function.
A nurse is assessing a patient who has diabetes for the presence of peripheral neuropathy. The nurse should question the patient about what sign or symptom that would suggest the possible development of peripheral neuropathy?
- A. Persistently cold feet
- B. Pain that does not respond to analgesia
- C. Acute pain, unrelieved by rest
- D. The presence of a tingling sensation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Although approximately half of patients with diabetic neuropathy do not have symptoms, initial symptoms may include paresthesias (prickling, tingling, or heightened sensation) and burning sensations (especially at night). Cold and intense pain are atypical early signs of this complication.