Nokea
A female client has been treated since childhood for mitral valve prolapse. The antibiotic of choice for her during pregnancy would be:
- A. Sulfa
- B. Tetracycline
- C. Hydralazine
- D. Erythromycin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sulfa is a teratogen and will cause kernicterus. Tetracycline is a teratogen and will affect tooth development. Hydralazine is not an antibiotic but a calcium channel blocker. Erythromycin is safe during pregnancy and can be used when the client is allergic to penicillin.
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A client has recently been diagnosed with primary open-angle glaucoma. The nurse should tell the client to avoid taking:
- A. Aleve (naprosyn)
- B. Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
- C. Tylenol (acetaminophen)
- D. Robitussin (guaifenesin)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Benadryl, an antihistamine, can increase intraocular pressure, worsening primary open-angle glaucoma, so it should be avoided.
The clinic nurse is teaching a co-worker regarding medication administration. The nurse is aware that which of the following medications are category X medications and should not be taken by the client during pregnancy?
- A. Menocycline
- B. Tazorac
- C. Devonex
- D. Levothyroxine
- E. Cefozolin
Correct Answer: A, B
Rationale: Category X medications, like minocycline (A) and tazarotene (Tazorac, B), are contraindicated in pregnancy due to fetal harm. Calcipotriene (Devonex, C), levothyroxine (D), and cefazolin (E) are safer (categories B or C).
The nurse caring for a client in shock recognizes that the glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys will fail if the client's mean arterial pressure falls below which of the following levels?
- A. 140
- B. 120
- C. 100
- D. 80
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A mean arterial pressure (MAP) below 80 mmHg compromises renal perfusion, leading to glomerular filtration failure. Higher MAPs (A, B, C) maintain adequate kidney function.
The client is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
- A. Bananas
- B. Broccoli
- C. Salmon
- D. Pasta
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bananas are high in potassium, which should be avoided in hyperkalemia to prevent worsening arrhythmias. Broccoli, salmon, and pasta have lower potassium content.
The home care nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client with deficiencies in folic acid. Which foods will increase the clients' folic acid level?
- A. Broccoli
- B. Cabbage
- C. Chicken
- D. Dried fruit
- E. White bread
- F. Milk
Correct Answer: A, B, D
Rationale: Folic acid-rich foods include broccoli (A), cabbage (B), and dried fruit (D). Chicken (C), white bread (E), and milk (F) are low in folate.