Nokea
A female resident's perineal area should be cleaned
- A. Without using soap
- B. With a special oil
- C. From front to back
- D. From the anal area to the meatus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - From front to back
Rationale:
1. Cleaning from front to back reduces the risk of transferring bacteria from the anal area to the urinary meatus, preventing urinary tract infections.
2. It follows the natural direction of the perineal area, maintaining proper hygiene and preventing cross-contamination.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A: Cleaning without soap may not effectively remove bacteria and could lead to inadequate hygiene.
B: Using a special oil is unnecessary and may not provide the necessary cleansing for the perineal area.
D: Cleaning from the anal area to the meatus increases the risk of introducing bacteria into the urinary tract, potentially causing infections.
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Which of the following is the best way that a nursing assistant can help prevent falls?
- A. Clear walkways of clutter
- B. Keep lights low
- C. Move call lights further away from residents
- D. Leave spills for housekeeping to clean
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clear walkways of clutter. This is the best way a nursing assistant can help prevent falls because clutter-free walkways reduce tripping hazards. Removing obstacles ensures a safe environment for residents. Keeping lights low (choice B) can actually increase the risk of falls due to poor visibility. Moving call lights further away from residents (choice C) can hinder their ability to quickly call for help in case of emergencies. Leaving spills for housekeeping to clean (choice D) poses an immediate slipping hazard. Thus, clearing walkways of clutter is the most effective measure to prevent falls.
The stage of dying in which a person believes “yes me
- A. but…..†is called
- B. Depression
- C. Denial
- D. Acceptance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acceptance. In the stages of dying proposed by Elisabeth Kubler-Ross, acceptance is the final stage. This stage involves coming to terms with one's mortality and finding peace with the situation. It signifies a readiness to die without fear or resistance. In contrast, denial (choice C) involves refusing to accept the reality of impending death, while depression (choice B) typically occurs after denial when the person starts to feel sad about their situation. Choice A is not a stage in the Kubler-Ross model and does not align with the progression of emotions in facing death.
The stage of dying in which a person believes “yes me
- A. but…..†is called
- B. Depression
- C. Denial
- D. Acceptance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acceptance. This stage, as per Kubler-Ross model, signifies the final phase of coming to terms with the impending death. The person has reached a state of peace and understanding, accepting their fate. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: "but..." indicates resistance, not acceptance.
B: Depression signifies a different stage characterized by overwhelming sadness.
C: Denial is an earlier stage where the person refuses to accept the reality of their situation.
Cervical spine injury:
- A. May be first manifested by neurologic deficit after movement of the neck
- B. Is not present if the patient has normal range of motion
- C. Can be detected safely by careful flexion and extension of the neck
- D. Can be excluded by a crosstable lateral x-ray of the c-spine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because cervical spine injury can initially present as a neurologic deficit after neck movement due to spinal cord compression or injury. This is due to the delicate nature of the spinal cord in the cervical region. Choices B and C are incorrect as normal range of motion and physical examination maneuvers may not rule out cervical spine injury. Choice D is incorrect as a crosstable lateral x-ray may miss certain types of cervical spine injuries, such as ligamentous or soft tissue damage.
Laboratory results for a patient on prolonged bedrest include a high level of urinary calcium. What risk does this pose for the patient?
- A. urinary calcium is not a concern
- B. renal calculi (kidney stones)
- C. increased urinary output
- D. imbalanced intake/output
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excess urinary calcium from bone breakdown risks kidney stones.