Nokea
A pregnant patient's diet may not meet her need for folate. Which food choice is an excellent source of this nutrient?
- A. Chicken
- B. Cheese
- C. Potatoes
- D. Green leafy vegetables
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Green leafy vegetables. Green leafy vegetables such as spinach, kale, and broccoli are excellent sources of folate, a crucial nutrient for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus. These vegetables are rich in natural folate, making them an ideal choice for meeting the increased folate requirements during pregnancy. Chicken (A), cheese (B), and potatoes (C) do not contain as high levels of folate as green leafy vegetables, making them less optimal choices for ensuring adequate intake of this essential nutrient during pregnancy.
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In teaching a pregnant adolescent about nutrition, what should the nurse include in the care plan?
- A. Determine the weight gain needed to meet adolescent growth and add 35 lb.
- B. Suggest that she does not eat at fast food restaurants to avoid foods of poor nutritional value.
- C. Realize that most adolescents are unwilling to make dietary changes during pregnancy.
- D. Emphasize the need to eliminate common teen snack foods because they are too high in fat and sodium.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer A: The correct answer is A because it addresses the specific nutritional needs of a pregnant adolescent by considering her growth and weight gain requirements. It is essential to determine the appropriate weight gain based on the adolescent's pre-pregnancy weight and BMI to ensure a healthy pregnancy. Adding a standard amount (usually around 35 lb) on top of the recommended weight gain for adolescents accounts for the additional needs of the growing fetus.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
B: This choice focuses on avoiding fast food restaurants but does not address the specific nutritional needs of a pregnant adolescent.
C: Assuming that most adolescents are unwilling to make dietary changes is a generalization and does not provide tailored guidance for the individual's needs.
D: While emphasizing the need to eliminate unhealthy snacks is important, it does not address the overall nutritional requirements and weight gain needed for a pregnant adolescent.
Regarding advanced roles of nursing, which statement related to clinical practice is the most accurate?
- A. Family nurse practitioners (FNPs) can assist with childbirth care in the hospital setting.
- B. Clinical nurse specialists (CNSs) provide primary care to obstetric patients.
- C. Neonatal nurse practitioners provide emergency care in the postbirth setting to high-risk infants.
- D. A certified nurse midwife (CNM) is not considered to be an advanced practice nurse.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neonatal NPs provide specialized care for high-risk neonates in the birth room and NICU as needed.
In which step of the nursing process does the nurse determine the appropriate interventions for the identified nursing diagnosis?
- A. Planning
- B. Evaluation
- C. Assessment
- D. Intervention
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The planning phase involves determining appropriate interventions for identified problems during assessment.
When should iron supplementation during a normal pregnancy begin?
- A. Before pregnancy
- B. In the first trimester
- C. In the third trimester
- D. In the second trimester
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: In the second trimester. During the second trimester, the demand for iron significantly increases due to the rapid growth of the fetus and expansion of maternal blood volume. This is the optimal time to begin iron supplementation to prevent iron deficiency anemia in both the mother and the developing baby. Starting iron supplementation in the first trimester may not be necessary as iron needs are not as high yet. Waiting until the third trimester may lead to insufficient time for iron stores to build up adequately. Beginning before pregnancy is not necessary unless the mother has pre-existing iron deficiency.
A diabetic client delivers a full-term large for gestation-age (LGA) infant who is jittery. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Administer oxygen
- B. Feed the infant glucose water (10%)
- C. Obtain a blood glucose level
- D. Decrease environment stimuli
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Jitteriness in LGA infants suggests hypoglycemia, so obtaining a blood glucose level (C) is the priority.