Nokea
A fertilized egg, which represents the first cell of a new individual, is called a(n) ________.
- A. blastocyst
- B. zygote
- C. fetus
- D. embryo
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: zygote. A zygote is formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, marking the beginning of a new individual's development. It is the first cell of the new organism with a full set of chromosomes.
A: Blastocyst is a later stage of development after the zygote has undergone several cell divisions.
C: Fetus refers to the later stages of development when the embryo has developed recognizable features.
D: Embryo is the stage after the zygote when the cells start to differentiate into different tissues and organs.
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Which hormone is primarily produced by the corpus luteum?
- A. Follicl
- B. stimulating hormone (FSH)
- C. Progesterone
- D. Testosterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Progesterone. The corpus luteum is a temporary endocrine structure in the ovaries that forms after ovulation. Its main function is to produce progesterone, which helps prepare the uterine lining for implantation of a fertilized egg. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) is produced by the pituitary gland to stimulate follicle development, not by the corpus luteum. Testosterone is mainly produced by the testes in males and a small amount by the ovaries in females, not by the corpus luteum. Progesterone is the key hormone produced by the corpus luteum, making choice C the correct answer.
Which hormone triggers ovulation?
- A. GnRH
- B. LH
- C. FSH
- D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: LH (Luteinizing Hormone) triggers ovulation. Firstly, LH surge stimulates the release of the mature egg from the ovary. Secondly, it plays a crucial role in the development of the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone to prepare the uterus for potential implantation. GnRH (Choice A) is the hormone that stimulates the release of LH and FSH (Choice C) from the pituitary gland, but it does not directly trigger ovulation. Estrogen (Choice D) is involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and prepares the uterine lining for implantation but does not directly trigger ovulation.
The nurse places a male patient in which position for rectal examination?
- A. Lithotomy position
- B. Prone with the knees fully extended
- C. Bending over the table, with feet everted
- D. Left lateral position with knees and hips flexed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, the left lateral position with knees and hips flexed. This position allows for better visualization and access to the rectal area. The patient's left side is facing up, which helps in maintaining comfort and stability during the examination. Knees and hips flexed further facilitate the examination process.
A: Lithotomy position is used for gynecological exams, not rectal exams.
B: Prone position with knees fully extended does not provide adequate access to the rectal area.
C: Bending over the table with feet everted is not an appropriate position for a rectal examination as it does not allow for proper visualization and access.
The seminal vesicle secretes:
- A. androgenic hormones;
- B. sperm cells;
- C. a fluid eliminated in the ejaculatory ducts;
- D. a fluid whose role is to transport sperm cells;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. The seminal vesicle secretes a fluid eliminated in the ejaculatory ducts.
2. This fluid provides nutrients and energy for the sperm.
3. It also helps to neutralize the acidic environment of the male urethra.
4. The fluid from the seminal vesicle combines with sperm to form semen for ejaculation.
Summary:
A: The seminal vesicle does not secrete androgenic hormones.
B: Sperm cells are not secreted by the seminal vesicle.
D: The seminal vesicle's fluid does not transport sperm cells; it provides support and nourishment for them.
Which of the following suggestions should a nurse give breast-feeding mothers to prevent or eliminate mastitis and breast abscess?
- A. Offer the opposite breast at each feeding to their infants.
- B. Minimize frequent nursing of the infants.
- C. Avoid breast-feeding.
- D. Avoid bathing or showering regularly.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alternating breasts during feedings helps prevent blockages and infections.