A few days later, the patient comes into the emergency department via ambulance stretcher and reveals a work-up of blood sugar level at 800mg/dl, ketones are absent in the urine, she is dehydrated, and has an altered mental status. Based on the data, t he patient is most likely suferring from what specifi medical condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient's presentation with a blood sugar level of 800mg/dL, absence of ketones in the urine, dehydration, and altered mental status points towards Hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HNKC). HNKC typically occurs in patients with Type 2 diabetes and is characterized by extremely high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) without significant ketosis. The absence of ketones in the urine distinguishes HNKC from Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Patients with HNKC often present with severe dehydration, altered mental status, and hyperosmolarity. It is crucial to address the underlying cause of the hyperglycemia, correct dehydration, and normalize blood glucose levels promptly in the management of HNKC.