Nokea
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about mast cell stabilizers. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as an example?
- A. Beclomethasone
- B. Cromolyn
- C. Albuterol
- D. Montelukast
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cromolyn is an example of a mast cell stabilizer. Beclomethasone is an inhaled corticosteroid. Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist. Montelukast is an example of a leukotriene modifier.
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A client is demonstrating how to use a peak flow meter. The nurse determines that the client is successful when he does which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Inhales as forcibly as possible
- B. Stands upright to allow the best inhalation possible
- C. Makes sure indicator is at lowest level on scale
- D. Makes sure lips are sealed tightly around the mouthpiece
- E. Measures peak flow rate at different times each day
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: When teaching a client to use a peak flow meter, instruct the client to make sure the indicator is at the lowest level, stand upright, make sure the lips form a tight seal around the mouthpiece, exhale as forcibly and as quickly as possible, and test peak flow at the same time each day.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving cromolyn orally. Which of the following instructions would the nurse include in the client's teaching plan?
- A. Do not take the drug at bedtime.
- B. Swallow the drug without chewing.
- C. Take the drug with food or milk.
- D. Take the drug at least 30 minutes before meals.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When administered orally, cromolyn is given 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime. The oral form of the drug comes in an ampule. The ampule is opened and the contents are poured into a glass of water. The nurse stirs the mixture thoroughly. The client must drink all of the mixture. The drug may not be mixed with any other substance (e.g., fruit juice, milk, or foods).
A 10-year-old child with asthma is prescribed high doses of an inhaled corticosteroid. The nurse would discuss which of the following with the child and parents as being affected?
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Skin turgor
- C. Urine output
- D. Rate of growth
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should monitor the rate of growth of the child. Children are at risk for a reduction in growth when oral corticosteroids or higher doses of the inhalant form are used. Blood pressure, skin turgor, and urine output are not altered with corticosteroid therapy.
A pediatric client is prescribed cromolyn. The nurse understands that this drug can be administered in which manner? Select all that apply.
- A. Via a nebulizer
- B. Orally
- C. Nasal spray
- D. Metered-dose inhaler
- E. Subcutaneous injection
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Cromolyn may be administered via a nebulizer, as an aerosol metered spray, as a nasal spray, or orally. It is not given subcutaneously.
A client receives a loading dose of theophylline to treat acute respiratory symptoms. When assessing the client, the nurse would immediately notify the primary health care provider for which of the following?
- A. Constipation
- B. Abdominal cramps
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Mental depression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is important for the nurse to closely monitor the client for signs of theophylline toxicity. The nurse should notify the primary health care provider immediately if any of the following signs of theophylline toxicity develop: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, confusion, abdominal cramping, headache, restlessness, insomnia, tachycardia, arrhythmias, or seizures. Constipation, bradycardia, and mental depression are not signs of theophylline toxicity.