Nokea
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about the different types of CNS stimulants used. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify drugs used for narcolepsy as being classified as which of the following?
- A. Anorexiant
- B. Analeptic
- C. Sympathomimetic
- D. Neuroleptic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Analeptics are drugs used to treat narcolepsy because they stimulate the respiratory center of the brain. Anorexiants are drugs used to suppress the appetite. Sympathomimetic agents are drugs that act by stimulating the sympathetic nervous system. Neuroleptics are antipsychotic drugs used to treat psychotic disorders.
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After teaching a group of nursing students about central nervous stimulants, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students state which of the following as an effect of caffeine on the body? Select all that apply.
- A. Skeletal muscle relaxation
- B. Respiratory stimulation
- C. Central nervous system (CNS) stimulation
- D. Cardiac relaxation
- E. Diuresis
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Caffeine exerts the following effects on the body: stimulates the CNS, cardiac system, and respiratory system and results in mild diuresis.
A client has been prescribed an amphetamine as part of obesity treatment. Which of the following would the nurse document before initiating the prescribed regimen?
- A. Temperature
- B. Weight
- C. Blood glucose level
- D. Arterial blood gas results
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Before administering amphetamine as part of obesity treatment, the nurse should record the client's weight. There is no need to record the client's temperature or blood glucose level. Arterial blood gas results are reviewed when a CNS stimulant is prescribed for respiratory depression but not for obesity treatment.
A nurse is conducting a class for a local community group about caffeine. The nurse discusses conditions in which over-the-counter caffeine products should be avoided. Which of the following would the nurse include in this discussion? Select all that apply.
- A. Hyperlipidemia
- B. Peptic ulcer disease
- C. GERD
- D. Hypertension
- E. Heart disease
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Clients with heart disease, hypertension, and peptic ulcer disease should avoid the use of over-the-counter caffeine preparations.
A child is diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and is prescribed lisdexamfetamine. The child and his parents return to the clinic for a follow-up visit. The mother reports that his behavior has improved and 'he's been sleeping okay at night.' She also says, 'He seems to eat like a bird sometimes and he's so thin.' The child's weight and height are within the lower percentiles for his age. When developing the plan of care for this child, which nursing diagnosis would the nurse most likely identify as the priority?
- A. Disrupted Sleep Patterns
- B. Ineffective Coping
- C. Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
- D. Ineffective Breathing Pattern
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Based on the assessment findings, the child is clearly having difficulty with nutritional intake. Therefore, Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements would be the priority. The mother reports that the child's sleeping is 'okay,' so disturbed sleep patterns would not be an issue. There is no evidence to suggest ineffective coping or ineffective breathing pattern.
After teaching a group of nursing students about CNS stimulants, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as a contraindication?
- A. Parkinson's disease
- B. Severe hypertension
- C. Age younger than 20 years
- D. Renal dysfunction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CNS stimulants are contraindicated for clients with severe hypertension. CNS stimulants are not contraindicated in clients younger than 20 years or clients with Parkinson's disease. Even though CNS stimulants are not contraindicated in clients with renal dysfunction, they need to be administered with extreme caution.