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A group of nursing students is reviewing information about cognitive processes and the development of mental disorders. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which of the following as being involved?
- A. Cognitive triad
- B. Cognitive distortions
- C. Schema
- D. Compliments
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cognitive processes in mental disorders include the cognitive triad, cognitive distortions, and schemas, which shape negative thought patterns. Compliments (D) are unrelated to cognitive processes in this context, indicating a misunderstanding by the students.
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During a staff meeting, a therapist mentions planning to use bibliotherapy with a patient. Later that morning, the patient approaches the nurse and says his therapist just talked to him but that he is having trouble understanding what his therapist wants him to do. When the nurse asks him to clarify his concern, he asks what bibliotherapy really means. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. It entails listing books about your diagnosis alphabetically in a reference list in case you ever want to read about your diagnosis.
- B. It is a new form of coping technique associated with shopping in a bookstore that works to help lift your depression.
- C. It is a form of therapy based on your therapist teaching you knowledge that is crucial to your recovery that he has collected from a variety of books.
- D. It is a form of therapy that entails you reading books about ways of perceiving and responding to life events in a different way.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bibliotherapy involves reading materials to gain insight, cope with challenges, or change perspectives on life events, as in option D. Option A misrepresents it as a reference task, option B is incorrect and trivializes it, and option C focuses on the therapist?s role, not the patient?s engagement.
A group of nursing students is reviewing the history of the development of cognitive therapies over the years. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which individual as being responsible for first developing cognitive therapy interventions?
- A. Aaron Beck
- B. Sigmund Freud
- C. Albert Ellis
- D. de Shazer and Berg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aaron Beck is credited with developing cognitive therapy, focusing on altering distorted thoughts to improve mental health. Freud developed psychoanalysis, Ellis pioneered rational emotive behavior therapy, and de Shazer and Berg created solution-focused brief therapy, not cognitive therapy.
A nurse is reading a journal article about cognitive behavior therapy techniques used in various settings. In which setting would the nurse expect to find solution-focused therapy being used?
- A. Acute inpatient setting
- B. Community setting
- C. Clinic setting
- D. Home care setting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) is commonly used in community settings due to its brief, goal-oriented nature, which suits outpatient and community-based care. While possible in clinics or home care, it?s less typical in acute inpatient settings, where crisis stabilization is prioritized.
A person was supposed to meet a friend at a local theatre to see a movie. The friend never showed up. The person?s initial thought was, 'My friend didn?t come because she doesn?t like me.' This automatic thought was most likely inferred from which irrational belief?
- A. I?m worthless, so no one could really want to be my friend.
- B. Movies are a waste of time and money anyway.
- C. I?m sure she just got confused and thought we were going to a different movie.
- D. I?m so forgetful and confused sometimes; I probably wrote down the wrong time.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The automatic thought 'My friend didn?t come because she doesn?t like me' stems from an irrational belief of personal worthlessness, as in option A. Options B, C, and D reflect rationalization, external attribution, or self-blame for confusion, not the core belief driving the negative interpretation.
A nurse who is working with a patient being treated for depression is using solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT) during the patient?s brief psychiatric hospitalization. The nurse decides to use an exception question. Which question would the nurse most likely use?
- A. When did you first feel depressed?
- B. When do you not feel depressed?
- C. What feelings contribute to your depression?
- D. What has to happen for you to feel depressed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In SFBT, an exception question asks about times when the problem (depression) is absent or less severe, as in 'When do you not feel depressed?' This helps identify strengths and solutions. Other options focus on the problem?s onset or causes, which are less aligned with SFBT?s solution-oriented approach.