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A group of nursing students is reviewing information about the course of aging in future older adults and qualities that contribute to successful aging. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify which of the following as least important?
- A. Capacity to adapt to change
- B. Engagement in life
- C. Stability with reliable social support
- D. Physical health
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: While physical health is important, successful aging relies more on adaptability, engagement, and social support, as these psychosocial factors often outweigh physical limitations in promoting well-being. Physical health is less critical in defining successful aging.
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An older patient tells the nurse that she is becoming more forgetful. The nurse explains to the patient that this is most likely related to which of the following?
- A. Anxiety
- B. Organic brain syndrome
- C. Plaques in the brain tissue
- D. Medications
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Medications, especially those with anticholinergic or sedative effects, are a common cause of forgetfulness in older adults. Anxiety may contribute, but medications are more likely. Organic brain syndrome and plaques suggest more severe conditions like dementia, not initially assumed.
A nurse is developing a plan for establishing appropriate supportive community care services for older adults to promote independence. Which services would the nurse be most likely to include? Select all that apply.
- A. Transportation
- B. Homemakers
- C. Legal
- D. Housing
- E. Child care
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Supportive services for older adults to promote independence include transportation (A), homemakers (B), legal services (C), and housing (D), addressing mobility, daily tasks, legal needs, and living arrangements. Child care (E) is irrelevant for most older adults.
The nurse is presenting a community educational program focusing on older adults and mental health protective factors. One of the participants asks what the influence of co-parenting one?s grandchild has on the mental health of the grandparent. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. The well-being of grandmothers is statistically more significant when they co-parent their grandchildren.
- B. Although there are stresses involved with grandparenting, the positive benefits appear to outweigh the negatives.
- C. White grandmothers experience less well-being when they co-parent their grandchildren.
- D. The perceived well-being of grandfathers who co-parent their grandchildren significantly changes in a positive direction.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Co-parenting grandchildren can enhance well-being through purpose and connection, though it involves stress; benefits generally outweigh negatives. Gender-specific or racial claims (A, C, D) lack broad evidence and are less accurate.
A nurse is preparing to conduct an assessment of a 79-year-old woman who has come to the clinic for evaluation. When performing this assessment, which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do? Select all that apply.
- A. Dim any lights that appear too bright.
- B. Face the patient from the side.
- C. Use short, simple sentences.
- D. Focus on one topic at a time.
- E. Speak slowly in a shouting tone.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Appropriate assessment techniques for older adults include dimming bright lights (A) to reduce glare, using short, simple sentences (C), and focusing on one topic (D) to accommodate sensory and cognitive changes. Facing from the side (B) is less effective than facing directly, and shouting (E) may be inappropriate or distressing.
While assessing an older adult, the nurse allows ample time for the patient to respond based on the understanding of which of the following?
- A. Ample time ensures that the correct answer is given.
- B. The patient is most likely experiencing irreversible memory impairment.
- C. The patient is experiencing decreased cerebral oxygen flow from reduced activity.
- D. Ample time is needed to weigh the pros and cons of the perceived risk for answering.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Older adults may have slower processing due to decreased cerebral oxygen flow from age-related circulatory changes, necessitating ample response time. Ensuring correct answers, assuming irreversible impairment, or weighing risks are less relevant.