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A group of nursing students is reviewing the factors associated with group psychotherapy through which therapeutic changes occur. The student?s demonstrate understanding when they identify which of the following as a factor? Select all that apply.
- A. Altruism
- B. Catharsis
- C. Repressed behavior
- D. Universality
- E. Hopelessness
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Therapeutic factors in group psychotherapy, per Yalom, include altruism (A), catharsis (B), and universality (D), which promote healing through helping others, emotional release, and shared experiences. Repressed behavior and hopelessness are not therapeutic factors; hopelessness is detrimental.
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The nurse is preparing to form a group in an inpatient psychiatric setting for patients who have experienced trauma. In addition to the group leader, the nurse would anticipate including how many patients?
- A. Three or four
- B. Five or six
- C. Seven or eight
- D. Nine or 10
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In inpatient psychiatric settings, trauma-focused groups typically include 7?8 members (plus the leader) to balance interaction, support, and manageability, allowing for meaningful participation while maintaining a safe environment. Smaller groups (3?4 or 5?6) may limit diversity of perspectives, and larger groups (9?10) may be overwhelming for trauma patients.
During a group session, one of the members states, 'Let?s keep this discussion going so that everyone can participate, but let?s keep the time each person speaks to about 3 minutes.' The leader interprets this member as acting in which role?
- A. Group observer
- B. Gatekeeper
- C. Encourager
- D. Energizer
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The gatekeeper regulates participation and time, as shown by the member?s suggestion to limit speaking time while encouraging involvement. The group observer monitors dynamics, the encourager supports contributions, and the energizer motivates action, not time management.
After teaching a class about formal and informal roles of group members, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies which of the following as a formal role? Select all that apply.
- A. Coordinator
- B. Leader
- C. Member
- D. Harmonizer
- E. Information seeker
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Formal roles in groups include leader (B), assigned to guide the group, and member (C), the participants with defined roles. Coordinator, harmonizer, and information seeker are informal roles, adopted spontaneously to support group dynamics.
In an initial group therapy session, the nurse observes that one group member continually tries to monopolize the conversation. The nurse interprets this behavior as reflecting which of the following in the patient?
- A. Anxiety
- B. Anger
- C. Rebellion
- D. Fear
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Monopolizing conversation in a group often reflects anxiety, as the patient may feel compelled to control the discussion to manage discomfort. Anger, rebellion, or fear may present differently, such as through hostility, defiance, or withdrawal, respectively.
The nurse is leading a small group of hospitalized patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorders. One group member has asked for advice and often agrees with suggestions by other group members but then adds, 'Yes, but . . .' to every suggestion offered. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Things would probably work out better if you joined a different group.
- B. Do you realize you say, 'Yes, but . . .' to every suggestion the group has for you?
- C. I suggest you stop and think about why you always respond to suggestions with 'Yes, but . . .'
- D. What solution do you think would work best for you?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The 'Yes, but . . .' response suggests resistance or difficulty accepting suggestions. Asking 'What solution do you think would work best for you?' empowers the patient to explore their own ideas, promoting engagement. Options A and B are confrontational, and C is directive, potentially shutting down communication.