Nokea
A group of nursing students is reviewing the various agents used to treat insomnia. The students demonstrate an understanding of the information when they identify which agent as a melatonin receptor agonist?
- A. Trazodone
- B. Estazolam
- C. Mirtazapine
- D. Ramelteon
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ramelteon (D) is a melatonin receptor agonist used for insomnia. Trazodone (A) and mirtazapine (C) are antidepressants, and estazolam (B) is a benzodiazepine.
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A group of nursing students is reviewing information about factors affecting the pattern and quality of sleep. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which of the following?
- A. Sleep patterns are relatively constant across the lifespan.
- B. Women report more problems with sleep than men.
- C. Working night shifts and sleeping during the day can affect sleep.
- D. Environmental influences on sleep can be internal or external.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sleep patterns change across the lifespan (A), with aging affecting sleep duration and quality, indicating a need for review. Women reporting more sleep issues (B), night shifts (C), and environmental influences (D) are accurate.
A nurse is working with a client diagnosed with insomnia. When developing a teaching plan for the client, which sleep promotion intervention would the nurse implement first?
- A. Encouraging the client to consider stopping smoking
- B. Instructing the client to keep regular bedtimes and rising times
- C. Encouraging the client to take frequent naps
- D. Administering prescribed sleep medications
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Establishing regular bedtimes and rising times (B) is the first-line intervention for insomnia to stabilize circadian rhythms. Stopping smoking (A) is secondary, frequent naps (C) can worsen insomnia, and medications (D) are not first-line.
A nurse is preparing a presentation on sleep disorders for a community group. Which of the following would the nurse include when explaining the differences between narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome?
- A. Symptoms of both disorders are essentially the same, so it is difficult to differentiate between the two disorders.
- B. People with narcolepsy awaken from a nap feeling rested and replenished, but those with obstructive sleep apnea do not.
- C. People with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome can experience temporary paralysis with naps.
- D. Naps are not recommended for clients with narcolepsy because of their association with severe loss of muscle tone.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Narcolepsy involves refreshing naps (B), unlike obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), where naps are non-restorative due to fragmented sleep. Symptoms differ significantly (A), paralysis is specific to narcolepsy (C), and naps are beneficial for narcolepsy (D).
A client with insomnia is prescribed zolpidem. When describing the action of this medication to the client, the nurse would incorporate information related to the medication?s effect on which of the following?
- A. GABA
- B. Serotonin
- C. Dopamine
- D. Norepinephrine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Zolpidem, a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic, enhances GABA (A) activity to promote sleep. It does not primarily affect serotonin (B), dopamine (C), or norepinephrine (D).
The sleep history of a client experiencing sleep problems reveals that the client ingests a significant amount of caffeine each day. When reviewing the effect of caffeine on sleep with the client, which of the following would the nurse incorporate into the discussion as a caffeine effect?
- A. Decreased sleep latency
- B. Increased total sleep time
- C. Decreased REM sleep
- D. Increased slow-wave sleep
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Caffeine, a stimulant, decreases REM sleep (C) by increasing arousal, disrupting sleep quality. It increases sleep latency (A), decreases total sleep time (B), and does not enhance slow-wave sleep (D).