Nokea
A group of students are reviewing information about the different penicillins. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as an example of a beta-lactamase inhibitor? Select all that apply.
- A. Piperacillin
- B. Amoxicillin
- C. Tazobactam
- D. Sulbactam
- E. Clavulanic acid
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Examples of beta-lactamase inhibitors are clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam. Amoxicillin is an example of an aminopenicillin. Piperacillin is an example of an extended-spectrum penicillin.
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While administering vancomycin IV to a patient, the nurse suspects that the patient is developing redeman syndrome based on assessment of which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Headache
- B. Throbbing neck pain
- C. Chills
- D. Erythema of the neck and back
- E. Difficulty breathing
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Red-man syndrome is manifested by a decrease in blood pressure, occurrence of throbbing neck or back pain, fever, chills, paresthesias, and erythema of the neck and back. Headache is unrelated to this syndrome. Difficulty breathing might suggest an anaphylactic reaction.
A nurse is conducting an in-service training program for a group of nurses about antibacterial drugs such as penicillins and cephalosporins. During the question-and-answer period, the audience asks for examples of conditions that can be treated by cephalosporins. Which of the following would the nurse include in the response?
- A. Hemolysis
- B. Urinary tract infections
- C. Nausea and diarrhea
- D. Jaundice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cephalosporins are used to treat respiratory infections, otitis media, urinary tract infections, and bone and joint infections, and prophylactically to treat infections that may result from a sexual assault. Cephalosporins are not used to treat hemolysis or jaundice. Nausea and diarrhea are some of the adverse reactions that can occur when a patient is on cephalosporin therapy.
When performing an ongoing assessment of a client receiving amoxicillin (Amoxil), the nurse should monitor the client for which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Relief of symptoms
- B. Development of a rash
- C. Increase in appetite
- D. Change in appearance or amount of drainage
- E. Decrease in temperature
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: An ongoing assessment is important in evaluating the client's response to therapy, such as a decrease in temperature, relief of symptoms caused by the infection, an increase in appetite, and a change in the appearance and amount of drainage.
A nurse is teaching a patient about the common adverse reactions that can occur with his prescribed therapy with cephalosporins. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the patient identifies which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Drowsiness
- B. Headache
- C. Constipation
- D. Heartburn
- E. Vomiting
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Common adverse reactions to cephalosporins include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, dizziness, malaise, heartburn, and fever.
A client develops a mild skin irritation while receiving penicillin therapy. Which of the following would the nurse advise the client to avoid? Select all that apply.
- A. Harsh soaps
- B. Perfumed lotions
- C. Antipyretic creams
- D. Rubbing the irritating area
- E. Wearing rough or irritating clothing
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: When skin irritation is present during the administration of penicillin, the nurse should advise the client to avoid harsh soaps, perfumed lotions, rubbing the irritated area, or wearing rough or irritating clothing.