Nokea
A group of students is reviewing information about anxiety disorders in preparation for a class examination. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they state which of the following?
- A. Anxiety disorders rank second to depression in psychiatric illnesses being treated.
- B. Women experience anxiety disorders more often than do men.
- C. Most anxiety disorders tend to be short term with individuals achieving full recovery.
- D. Anxiety disorders are more common in children than in adolescents.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Women experience anxiety disorders more frequently than men (B), likely due to hormonal and social factors. Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric conditions (A), many are chronic (C), and prevalence is higher in adolescents than children (D).
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A group of students is reviewing the signs and symptoms associated with anxiety. The students demonstrate an understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as cognitive symptoms? Select all that apply.
- A. Edginess
- B. Feelings of unreality
- C. Difficulty concentrating
- D. Tunnel vision
- E. Apprehensiveness
- F. Speech dysfluency
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Cognitive symptoms of anxiety include feelings of unreality (B), difficulty concentrating (C), and apprehensiveness (E), reflecting mental processing disruptions. Edginess (A) is emotional, tunnel vision (D) is perceptual, and speech dysfluency (F) is behavioral.
A client comes to the emergency department because he thinks he is having a heart attack. Further assessment determines that the client is not having a heart attack but is having a panic attack. When beginning to interview the client, which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to use?
- A. Are you feeling much better now that you are lying down?
- B. What did you experience just before and during the attack?
- C. Do you think you will be able to drive home?
- D. What do you think caused you to feel this way?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking about the client?s experiences before and during the attack (B) gathers critical information about triggers and symptoms, aiding in confirming the panic attack diagnosis and planning care. Asking about feeling better (A) is premature, driving ability (C) is irrelevant during acute assessment, and causes (D) are less urgent than symptom details.
After teaching a class about the biochemical theories associated with panic disorder, the instructor determines a need for additional teaching when the students identify which neurotransmitter as being implicated?
- A. Dopamine
- B. Serotonin
- C. Norepinephrine
- D. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serotonin (B), norepinephrine (C), and GABA (D) are implicated in panic disorder due to their roles in anxiety regulation. Dopamine (A) is primarily linked to psychosis and reward, not panic, indicating a misunderstanding.
A client with a panic disorder has been prescribed a benzodiazepine medication. Which of the following would the nurse emphasize as a risk associated with using this medication?
- A. Dietary restrictions
- B. Withdrawal symptoms
- C. Agitation
- D. Fecal impaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Benzodiazepines (B) carry a significant risk of withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety and seizures, if stopped abruptly, necessitating careful tapering. Dietary restrictions (A) apply to MAOIs, agitation (C) is a symptom not a risk, and fecal impaction (D) is unrelated.
The nurse is caring for a client who is being treated in the emergency department for a panic attack. Which of the following nursing interventions would be most appropriate?
- A. Demonstrate empathy for the client by trying to mimic the client?s state of anxiety.
- B. Tell the client that you must leave to go report his symptoms to the psychiatrist on duty.
- C. Tell the client this is an acute exacerbation with a positive prognosis and low morbidity.
- D. Stay with the client, emphasizing that he is safe and that you will remain with him.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Staying with the client and emphasizing safety (D) provides reassurance and reduces fear during a panic attack. Mimicking anxiety (A) is inappropriate, leaving the client (B) increases distress, and discussing prognosis (C) is less urgent than providing immediate support.