Nokea
A group of students is reviewing the signs and symptoms associated with anxiety. The students demonstrate an understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as cognitive symptoms? Select all that apply.
- A. Edginess
- B. Feelings of unreality
- C. Difficulty concentrating
- D. Tunnel vision
- E. Apprehensiveness
- F. Speech dysfluency
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Cognitive symptoms of anxiety include feelings of unreality (B), difficulty concentrating (C), and apprehensiveness (E), reflecting mental processing disruptions. Edginess (A) is emotional, tunnel vision (D) is perceptual, and speech dysfluency (F) is behavioral.
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The nurse has instructed a client with panic disorder about how to use the technique of positive self-talk. The nurse determines that the client has understood the instructions when the client verbalizes which statement to use during an impending panic attack?
- A. I am feeling very nervous right now.
- B. I can handle this anxiety; it will be over shortly.
- C. I am taking medication to eliminate these symptoms.
- D. Relax your muscles, relax your muscles.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Positive self-talk (B) involves reassuring statements that empower the client to manage anxiety, such as affirming control and the transient nature of the attack. Stating nervousness (A) reinforces anxiety, medication reliance (C) is not self-talk, and muscle relaxation (D) is a different technique.
A nurse is developing the plan of care for a client with panic disorder that will include pharmacologic therapy. Which of the following would the nurse most likely expect to administer?
- A. Benzodiazepine
- B. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
- C. Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
- D. Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: SSRIs (B) are the first-line treatment for panic disorder due to their efficacy and safety profile for long-term management. Benzodiazepines (A) are used short-term, MAOIs (C) and TCAs (D) are less preferred due to side effects and dietary restrictions.
A nurse determines that a client who is experiencing anxiety is using relief behaviors. The nurse determines that the client is experiencing which degree of anxiety?
- A. Mild
- B. Moderate
- C. Severe
- D. Panic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Relief behaviors, such as avoidance or rituals, are typically used in severe anxiety (C) to reduce overwhelming distress. Mild anxiety (A) enhances alertness, moderate (B) involves manageable distress, and panic (D) involves disorganized behavior, not specific relief behaviors.
A group of students is reviewing information about the etiology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify which of the following as representing the psychoanalytic theory for this disorder?
- A. Inaccurate environmental danger assessment
- B. Exposure to multiple stressful life events
- C. Kindling caused by overstimulation
- D. Unresolved unconscious conflicts
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Psychoanalytic theory attributes GAD to unresolved unconscious conflicts (D), such as repressed emotions from early experiences. Inaccurate danger assessment (A) is cognitive, stressful events (B) are environmental, and kindling (C) is a neurobiological concept.
A client comes to the emergency department because he thinks he is having a heart attack. Further assessment determines that the client is not having a heart attack but is having a panic attack. When beginning to interview the client, which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to use?
- A. Are you feeling much better now that you are lying down?
- B. What did you experience just before and during the attack?
- C. Do you think you will be able to drive home?
- D. What do you think caused you to feel this way?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking about the client?s experiences before and during the attack (B) gathers critical information about triggers and symptoms, aiding in confirming the panic attack diagnosis and planning care. Asking about feeling better (A) is premature, driving ability (C) is irrelevant during acute assessment, and causes (D) are less urgent than symptom details.