Nokea
A harsh, blowing grade IV/VI murmur is auscultated in a 6-month-old infant. What will the nurse practitioner do next?
- A. Get a complete blood count to rule out severe anemia.
- B. Obtain an electrocardiogram to assess for arrhythmia.
- C. Order a chest radiograph to evaluate for cardiomegaly.
- D. Refer to a pediatric cardiologist for further evaluation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A harsh, blowing murmur is suspicious for pathology, so a cardiology referral is warranted.
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The following cranial nerves carry pre-ganglionic parasympathetic nerves:
- A. Oculomotor nerve
- B. Trigeminal nerve
- C. Facial nerve
- D. Vagus nerve
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The vagus nerve carries parasympathetic fibers. The oculomotor, trigeminal, and facial nerves do not.
In the treatment of asthma, inhaled corticosteroids:
- A. Relieve acute symptoms
- B. Prevent long-term symptoms
- C. Cause airway constriction
- D. Are contraindicated in pregnancy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids are used in asthma management to prevent inflammation and control long-term symptoms, though they do not relieve acute attacks.
The following statements are true:
- A. Unexplained vaginal discharge in a 3-year-old might be a sign of sexual abuse
- B. Spiral fracture of femur is always non-accidental
- C. Retinal bleeding in a 3-month-old unconscious baby is a sign of 'shaken baby' syndrome
- D. Bruises on the elbows and knees in a 4-year-old are suggestive of physical abuse
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Retinal bleeding in a 3-month-old unconscious baby is a sign of 'shaken baby' syndrome: Retinal bleeding in infants, especially with other signs of physical abuse, is a key indicator of 'shaken baby' syndrome.
In which of the following valve lesions, Dimensionless Index (DI) is used as an echocardiographic parameter to assess the severity of the lesion?
- A. Aortic stenosis
- B. Aortic regurgitation
- C. Mitral regurgitation
- D. Mitral stenosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dimensionless Index (DI) is used to assess the severity of aortic stenosis.
Vigorous exercise should be avoided in
- A. Prolong QT interval
- B. Maladie de Roger deformity
- C. Aortic stenosis
- D. Bicuspid aortic valve
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aortic stenosis patients should avoid vigorous exercise due to the risk of syncope or sudden death.