Nokea
A healthcare professional is preparing to administer morphine 4 mg IV to a client. Available is morphine 10 mg/mL. How many mL should the healthcare professional administer?
- A. 0.2 mL
- B. 0.4 mL
- C. 0.6 mL
- D. 0.8 mL
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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A client has a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide to treat hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Hypokalemia
- B. Hypertension
- C. Hyperglycemia
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A client has a new prescription for combination oral NRTIs for the treatment of HIV. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in discharge teaching?
- A. These medications work by inhibiting enzymes to prevent HIV replication.
- B. These medications work by preventing protein synthesis within the HIV cell.
- C. These medications work by weakening the cell wall of the HIV virus.
- D. These medications work by blocking HIV entry into cells.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. NRTI antiretroviral medications inhibit the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is essential for HIV replication. By blocking this enzyme, the medications prevent the virus from replicating and spreading. This mechanism of action helps to control the progression of HIV infection in the body.
The client receives albuterol (Proventil) via inhaler. He asks the nurse why he can't just take a pill. What is the best response by the nurse?
- A. When you inhale the drug the blood supply in your lungs picks it up rapidly, resulting in quicker effects.'
- B. Because pills cannot help your illness; you must have inhaled medications for relief of symptoms.'
- C. Because pills would produce too many side effects; you will have very few side effects with inhaled medications.'
- D. Because pills are less effective than inhalers for your condition.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Albuterol, a bronchodilator for asthma or COPD, is inhaled to target lung airways directly. Choice A explains that inhalation allows rapid absorption via the lungs' rich blood supply, providing quicker relief (within minutes) compared to oral pills, which undergo slower gastrointestinal absorption. Choice B falsely claims pills can't help; oral bronchodilators exist but act slower. Choice C exaggerates side effect differences; inhaled albuterol minimizes systemic effects, but pills aren't inherently riskier. Choice D oversimplifies efficacy without context. The nurse's best response (A) accurately addresses the patient's question with pharmacokinetic reasoning, enhancing understanding and compliance.
Which of the following is the antidote for Heparin?
- A. Protamine sulfate
- B. Vitamin K
- C. Naloxone
- D. Toradol
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Protamine sulfate is the antidote for Heparin. Heparin is an anticoagulant used to prevent blood clotting. Protamine sulfate works by binding to heparin, neutralizing its anticoagulant effects. Vitamin K is not the antidote for Heparin; it is used to reverse the effects of warfarin, another type of anticoagulant. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioids, and Toradol is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief.
Which drug type used to treat depression works by preventing enzymatic destruction of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine?
- A. Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
- B. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
- C. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
- D. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.