Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam

Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam Related

Review Medical Surgical ATI Proctored Exam related questions and content

A healthcare professional is reviewing the arterial blood gas results for a client in the ICU who has kidney failure and determines the client has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the healthcare professional expect?

  • A. Widened QRS complexes
  • B. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes
  • C. Bounding peripheral pulses
  • D. Warm, flushed skin
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Widened QRS complexes. Respiratory acidosis results from inadequate removal of carbon dioxide, leading to increased carbonic acid in the blood and a decrease in blood pH. This acidosis can cause electrolyte imbalances, including hyperkalemia, which can manifest as widened QRS complexes on an ECG due to the effect of high potassium levels on cardiac conduction. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes (B) are associated with conditions such as hyperthyroidism or hypocalcemia. Bounding peripheral pulses (C) are seen in conditions like aortic regurgitation or hyperthyroidism. Warm, flushed skin (D) is more indicative of conditions like hyperthermia or sepsis.

You may also like to solve these questions

A client who is receiving mechanical ventilation and has an ideal weight of 60 kg should have the tidal volume set at which of the following?

  • A. 300 mL
  • B. 480 mL
  • C. 800 mL
  • D. 950 mL
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 480 mL. For a client with an ideal weight of 60 kg, the tidal volume should be set at 6-8 mL/kg of ideal body weight. Therefore, for a 60 kg individual, the tidal volume should be between 360-480 mL. B falls within this range and is the most appropriate choice.

A: 300 mL is too low and would not provide adequate ventilation for a client of this weight.
C: 800 mL is too high and could lead to overventilation and potential lung injury.
D: 950 mL is also too high and poses the same risks as option C.

In summary, B is the correct choice as it falls within the appropriate tidal volume range based on the client's ideal weight, while the other options are either too low or too high.

Why should the nurse assess current weight status and recent weight fluctuations in a client with anxiety?

  • A. Weight fluctuations indicate impaired kidney function in clients with anxiety
  • B. All clients with anxiety lose weight rapidly
  • C. Antianxiety drugs increase appetite
  • D. Some clients may react to stress by overeating
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Clients may overeat or lose appetite due to stress, affecting their weight and overall health.

A 47-year-old client is admitted for colon surgery. Intravenous antibiotics are started two hours prior to surgery even though the client has no known infection. The reason for giving antibiotics prior to surgery is to:

  • A. provide a cathartic action within the colon.
  • B. reduce the risk of wound infection from anaerobic bacteria.
  • C. relieve anxiety.
  • D. reduce the risk of intraoperative fever.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cathartics, not antibiotics, promote the evacuation of intestinal contents. The client undergoing intestinal surgery is at an increased risk for infection from large numbers of anaerobic bacteria that inhabit the intestines. Administering antibiotics prophylactically can reduce the client's risk for infection. Antibiotics are indicated in the treatment of infections and have no effect on emotions. Antibiotics would have an effect on an infection which causes a temperature elevation, but they would not directly affect the temperature elevation.

A preoperative patient reveals that an uncle died during surgery because of a fever and cardiac arrest. Knowing the patient is at risk for malignant hyperthermia, the perioperative nurse alerts the surgical team. What is likely to happen next?

  • A. The surgery will have to be cancelled.
  • B. Specific precautions can be taken to safely anesthetize the patient.
  • C. Dantrolene (Dantrium) must be given to prevent hyperthermia during surgery.
  • D. The patient should be placed on a cooling blanket during the surgical procedure.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: With awareness of malignant hyperthermia risk, specific precautions ensure safe anesthesia administration.

Which process is defined as the movement of fluid and some dissolved substances through a semipermeable membrane according to pressure differences?

  • A. Osmosis
  • B. Diffusion
  • C. Active Transport
  • D. Filtration
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Filtration involves the movement of fluid and solutes across a semipermeable membrane due to hydrostatic or osmotic pressure differences.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.