ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical

ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical Related

Review ATI Detailed Answer Key Medical Surgical related questions and content

A healthcare worker is caring for a group of clients in an infectious disease unit. The worker should wear an OSHA-approved N95 respirator mask when caring for a client with which of the following infectious diseases?

  • A. Pertussis
  • B. Mycoplasma pneumonia
  • C. Tuberculosis
  • D. Respiratory syncytial virus
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tuberculosis. Healthcare workers should wear an N95 respirator mask when caring for clients with airborne infectious diseases like tuberculosis. The N95 mask is designed to filter out at least 95% of airborne particles, including those that may carry the tuberculosis bacteria. This level of protection is necessary to prevent the healthcare worker from inhaling the infectious agent.

Pertussis (A), Mycoplasma pneumonia (B), and Respiratory syncytial virus (D) are not typically transmitted through the air and therefore do not require the use of an N95 respirator mask for standard care. These diseases are usually spread through respiratory droplets or direct contact, so standard precautions such as wearing a surgical mask and gloves are sufficient.

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While providing teaching to a client who is postoperative following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and is receiving opioid medications to manage discomfort, which of the following desired effects of medications should the nurse identify as most important for the client's recovery?

  • A. It decreases the client's level of anxiety.
  • B. It facilitates the client's deep breathing.
  • C. It enhances the client's ability to sleep.
  • D. It reduces the client's blood pressure.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because facilitating the client's deep breathing is crucial post-CABG surgery to prevent complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia. Deep breathing helps improve lung expansion and oxygenation, promoting healing and preventing respiratory issues.

A: While decreasing anxiety is important for overall well-being, it is not directly related to the client's recovery post-CABG surgery.
C: Enhancing sleep is beneficial for healing, but it is not as critical as ensuring proper respiratory function in the immediate postoperative period.
D: While reducing blood pressure may be desirable in some cases, it is not the most important effect to focus on post-CABG surgery; maintaining adequate oxygenation through deep breathing takes precedence.

Why might a client receive a central venous catheter?

  • A. Client is receiving 0.9 normal saline
  • B. Client is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
  • C. Client is receiving short-term IV therapy
  • D. Client has had one infiltrated IV
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because TPN requires a central venous catheter due to the high osmolarity of the solution.

Before administering a benzodiazepine, what should the nurse assess?

  • A. Sleep problems
  • B. Memory impairment
  • C. Cognitive disorder
  • D. Behavior changes
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Behavioral changes may indicate underlying issues or contraindications for benzodiazepines.

What is the role of antiviral medications in treating herpes zoster ophthalmicus?

  • A. Reduce viral replication
  • B. Prevent bacterial infection
  • C. Correct vision
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Antivirals target the varicella-zoster virus, reducing its replication and severity.

For a patient with osteogenic sarcoma, you would be particularly vigilant for elevations in which laboratory value?

  • A. Sodium.
  • B. Calcium.
  • C. Potassium.
  • D. Hematocrit.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Elevated calcium levels are commonly associated with osteogenic sarcoma due to bone destruction and release of calcium into the bloodstream.

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