Nokea
A home health care nurse has conducted a home safety assessment for an older adult. There are five concrete steps leading out from the home. Which statement would be most helpful to keeping the older adult safe on the steps?
- A. Have the client use a walker or cane on the steps
- B. Install contrasting color strips at the edge of each step
- C. Advise the client to avoid the steps altogether
- D. Tell the client to use a two-footed gait on the steps
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: As a person ages, they may experience a decreased sense of touch. The older adult may not be aware of where their foot is on the step. Installing contrasting color strips at the edge of each step will help increase visibility and safety for the older adult.
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A nurse is assessing coping in older women in a support group for recent widows. Which statement by a participant indicates strong social network coping?
- A. I have had the same best friend for decades
- B. I think I am coping very well on my own
- C. My kids come to see me over the weekend
- D. Oh, I have lots of friends at the senior center
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Friendship and support enhance coping. The quality of the relationship is most important. People who have close, intimate, stable relationships with others in whom they confide are more likely to cope with crises.
A nurse working with older adults in the community plans programming to improve morale and emotional health. This a group potential. What a group would best meet this goal?
- A. Exercise program to improve physical function
- B. Financial planning seminar series for older adults
- C. Social events such as dances and group victim
- D. Workshop on prevention from becoming an abuse victim
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: All activities would be beneficial for the older population in the community. However, failure in performing ones own activities of daily living and participating in society has direct effects on morale and life satisfaction. Those who have the ability to function independently direct food wellnesses and empty. An exercise program designed to maintain and/or improve physical functioning would best address this need.
A nurse caring for an older adult has provided education on high-fiber foods. Which menu selection by the client demonstrates a need for further review?
- A. Barley soup
- B. Black beans
- C. White rice
- D. Whole wheat bread
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Older adults need 25 to 50 grams of fiber a day. White rice is low in fiber. Foods high in fiber include barley, beans, and whole wheat products.
A home health care nurse is planning an exercise program with an older client who lives at home independently but whose mobility issues prevent much activity outside the home. Which exercise regimen would be most beneficial to this adult?
- A. Building strength and flexibility
- B. Improving exercise endurance
- C. Increasing cardiovascular capacity
- D. Enhancing balance and coordination
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This older adult is mostly homebound. Exercise regimens for homebound clients include activities to increase functional ability for activities of daily living. Strength and flexibility exercises will help the client maintain independent living. The other options are beneficial but do not specifically address the client's functional abilities.
An older client is concerned about dehydration. What is the best advice for this client?
- A. Cut some sodium out of your diet
- B. Dehydration can cause incontinence
- C. Have something to drink every 1 to 2 hours
- D. Take your diuretic in the morning
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Older adults often lose their sense of thirst. Since they should drink 1 to 2 liters of water a day, the best remedy is to have the older adult drink something each hour or two, whether or not they are thirsty. Cutting some sodium from the diet will not address this issue. Although dehydration can cause incontinence from the urine irritation of concentrated urine, this information will not help prevent the problem of dehydration. Instructing the client to take a diuretic in the morning rather than in the evening also will not directly address this issue.