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A home health nurse is discussing the dangers of food poisoning w/a client. Which of the following info should the nurse include in her counseling? Select all.
- A. Most food poisoning is caused by a virus
- B. Immunocompromised individuals are at risk for complications from food poisoning
- C. Clients who are especially at risk are instructed to eat or drink only pasteurized milk, yogurt, cheese, or other dairy products
- D. Healthy individuals usually recover from the illness in a few weeks
- E. Handling raw & fresh food separately to avoid cross-contamination may prevent food poisoning
Correct Answer: B, C, E
Rationale: The correct choices are B, C, and E. B is correct because immunocompromised individuals have weakened immune systems, making them more susceptible to severe complications from food poisoning. C is correct because pasteurized dairy products are less likely to contain harmful bacteria that can cause food poisoning. E is correct because proper food handling, such as separating raw and fresh foods to prevent cross-contamination, can help reduce the risk of food poisoning. A is incorrect because most food poisoning is actually caused by bacteria, not viruses. D is incorrect because while healthy individuals may recover from food poisoning, the recovery time can vary and may not always be within a few weeks.
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A nurse is evaluating a client's neurosensory system. To evaluate stereognosis, she would ask the client to close his eyes & identify which of the following items?
- A. A word she whispers 30cm from his ear
- B. A number she traces on the palm of his hand
- C. The vibration of a tuning fork she places on his foot
- D. A familiar object she places in his hand
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A familiar object she places in his hand. Stereognosis is the ability to recognize objects by touch without visual cues. By asking the client to identify a familiar object placed in his hand with his eyes closed, the nurse is testing his ability to perceive and interpret tactile sensations. This assessment helps evaluate the client's sensory perception and integration in the neurosensory system. The other choices are incorrect because they do not specifically assess stereognosis. Choice A involves auditory perception, choice B involves tactile perception but not recognition of objects, and choice C involves vibratory perception rather than object recognition through touch.
A nurse in a senior center is counseling a group of older adults about their nutritional needs and considerations. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Select all.
- A. Older adults are more prone to dehydration than younger adults.
- B. Older adults need the same amount of most vitamins and minerals as younger adults.
- C. Many older men and women need calcium supplementation.
- D. Older adults need more calories than they did when they were younger.
- E. Older adults should consume a diet low in carbohydrates.
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: The correct answer is A, B, and C.
A: Older adults are more prone to dehydration due to age-related physiological changes that decrease the body's ability to conserve water.
B: While older adults generally need the same amount of vitamins and minerals as younger adults, they may require higher amounts of certain nutrients like vitamin D and calcium.
C: Many older men and women may need calcium supplementation to prevent osteoporosis and maintain bone health.
Incorrect choices:
D: Older adults typically need fewer calories as they age due to decreased metabolism and physical activity.
E: There is no specific recommendation for older adults to consume a diet low in carbohydrates, as carbohydrates are an essential energy source.
A nurse is instructing a postop client about the sequential compression device the provider has prescribed. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
- A. This device will keep me from getting sores on my skin.
- B. This thing will keep the blood pumping through my leg.
- C. With this thing on, my leg muscles won't get weak.
- D. This device is going to keep my joints in good shape.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "This thing will keep the blood pumping through my leg." This statement shows understanding because sequential compression devices help prevent blood clots by promoting blood circulation in the legs. Option A is incorrect as the device does not prevent skin sores. Option C is incorrect as it doesn't specifically address blood circulation. Option D is incorrect as the device does not impact joint health.
A nurse is caring for a client who reports severe sore throat, pain when swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes. The client is experiencing which of the following stages of infection?
- A. Prodromal
- B. Incubation
- C. Convalescence
- D. Illness
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Illness. In this stage, the client is experiencing noticeable symptoms such as severe sore throat, pain when swallowing, and swollen lymph nodes. This indicates that the infection has progressed to the point where the body is actively fighting off the pathogen, resulting in the manifestation of symptoms. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Prodromal stage is characterized by mild, nonspecific symptoms. B: Incubation stage is the period between exposure to the pathogen and the onset of symptoms. C: Convalescence stage is the recovery period after the illness when symptoms start to improve.
A nurse has noticed several occasions in the past week when another nurse on the unit seemed drowsy & unable to focus on the issue at hand. Today, she found the nurse asleep in a chair in the break room when she was not on break. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Remind the nurse that safe client care is a priority on the unit
- B. Ask others on the team whether they have observed the same behavior
- C. Report observations to the nurse manager on the unit
- D. Conclude that her coworker's fatigue is not her problem to solve
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to choose option C: Report observations to the nurse manager on the unit. This is the most appropriate course of action because it addresses the potential safety risk to patients due to the drowsy nurse's behavior. Reporting to the nurse manager ensures that the issue is escalated to someone in authority who can address it effectively, such as through a conversation with the drowsy nurse, adjusting their work schedule, or providing support if there are underlying issues causing the fatigue. Options A, B, and D are not as effective because reminding the nurse or asking others on the team may not lead to a resolution, and assuming the fatigue is not the nurse's problem to solve ignores the potential impact on patient safety.