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A hospital unit has been using a functional nursing model for delivery of care for several years. The manager has been discussing with the staff the idea of a change to total care because functional nursing has some disadvantages to the clients. What disadvantage is the manager referring to?
- A. It is expensive because it only uses RNs.
- B. Some nurses work harder than others to provide care.
- C. It fragments care and is confusing for the clients.
- D. Nurses are accountable for the client's care 24 hours per day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Although efficient, functional nursing fragments care and is confusing for clients. Primary nursing is expensive because it uses RNs only. Nurses are designated certain tasks if functional nursing is employed, so the care is divided. Nurses are accountable for client care in a primary nursing model.
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Which setting has been the traditional site for the nursing work force?
- A. Industrial environments
- B. Inpatient units
- C. Same-day surgery units
- D. Clinics
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Although hospitals include all levels of outpatient areas (e.g., industrial environments, clinics, same-day surgery units, related diagnostic departments), inpatient units have been the traditional site for much of the nursing work force.
The LPN is caring for clients at the hospital's medical unit. What role does the LPN/LVN have in the care of clients on this unit?
- A. The LPN/LVN may provide care to clients who have a well-defined, common problem.
- B. The LPN/LVN may manage and coordinate the care of a group of clients.
- C. The LPN/LVN has a high level of competency in assessment skills.
- D. The LPN/LVN encourages clients and family members to develop self-care skills.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The LPN/LVN provides care to clients under the direction of a registered nurse (RN), advanced practice nurse (APRN), or physician in a structured healthcare setting. LPN/LVNs care for clients with well-defined, common problems that often require a high level of technical competency and expertise. The other answers are all roles that an RN would have.
Veterans' hospitals are an example of which type of ownership?
- A. For-profit
- B. Government-owned
- C. Proprietary
- D. Nonprofit
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Veterans' hospitals are an example of government-owned healthcare institutions. For-profit agencies (proprietary) are owned and operated by corporate groups with investors and stockholders. Non-profit institutions include universities and religious organizations.
A client who is mentally disabled is working at an adult activity center. The client is unable to live independently, and the family member they are living with can no longer assist with supervised care. What option for living arrangements would be ideal for this person?
- A. Congregate housing
- B. Boarding home
- C. Long-term acute care facility
- D. Acute care facility
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Boarding homes usually are small homes with individual rooms where residents pay for room and board and minimal nursing services. Residents often share rooms, have a common dining area for all meals, and also oversee employment for disabled adults and provide a stable environment for those who cannot live independently. Congregate housing provides independent living for seniors or disabled adults who need minimal to no assistance. Long-term care facilities are for clients who require long-term wound care or ventilator support or who have other conditions that are potentially unstable but do not have rapid changes. Acute care facilities are for those clients who are of high illness acuity.
A client is going to be in subacute care for approximately 30 days. The client will require frequent assessments and periodic review of the client's progress. What role will the registered nurse have in the care of this client?
- A. The RN will provide direct care for the client.
- B. The RN will ensure that the client eats 100% of the meals.
- C. The RN will order the various treatments for the client.
- D. The RN will coordinate the client's care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: RNs coordinate clients' care, and LPN/LVNs provide and oversee care provided by unlicensed connective personnel (UAPs). The RN does not generally provide the direct care, and this would include overseeing meals. It is beyond the scope of practice for RNs to order treatments and medications.