Nokea
A large geographic area characterized by similar climate, plants, and animals is called a:
- A. Population
- B. Community
- C. Biome
- D. Ecosystem
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A) Population refers to a group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area.
B) Community refers to all the populations of different species living and interacting in a particular area.
C) Biome is a large geographic area characterized by similar climate, plants, and animals. Biomes are defined by factors such as temperature, precipitation, and vegetation types.
D) Ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their physical environment. An ecosystem can be part of a biome.
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What is the term for the energy released during a chemical reaction?
- A. Kinetic energy
- B. Potential energy
- C. Heat energy
- D. Exothermic energy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Exothermic energy.' During an exothermic reaction, energy is released in the form of heat. The term 'exothermic' signifies that energy is moving outward, typically in the form of heat, throughout the reaction, leading to a decrease in the system's internal energy. Choice A, 'Kinetic energy,' refers to the energy of motion and is not specifically related to chemical reactions. Choice B, 'Potential energy,' is the energy stored within an object due to its position or state and is not directly related to energy released in a chemical reaction. Choice C, 'Heat energy,' is a form of energy but does not specifically describe the energy released during a chemical reaction.
What type of genetic variation is caused by changes in the DNA sequence?
- A. Epigenetic variation
- B. Phenotypic variation
- C. Genotypic variation
- D. Behavioral variation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A) Epigenetic variation refers to changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations in the DNA sequence itself. These changes can be influenced by environmental factors. B) Phenotypic variation refers to differences in observable traits or characteristics of an organism, which can be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. C) Genotypic variation is caused by changes in the DNA sequence, such as mutations or genetic recombination. These changes directly impact the genetic information carried by an organism. D) Behavioral variation refers to differences in behavior among individuals of the same species, which can be influenced by genetic, environmental, and experiential factors.
How many bones are there in the adult human skeleton?
- A. 126
- B. 206
- C. 300
- D. 525
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 206. The adult human skeleton consists of 206 bones. These bones are categorized into the axial skeleton, which includes the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, and the appendicular skeleton, comprising the bones of the limbs and girdles. Each bone has a specific function in providing structure and support to the body. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not represent the accurate number of bones in the adult human skeleton. It is essential to remember the correct number of bones in the human skeleton for a better understanding of the skeletal system.
What is meant by the term 'goiter'?
- A. Overproduction of cortisol from the adrenal glands
- B. Excessive growth of the thyroid gland
- C. Underproduction of parathyroid hormone (PTH)
- D. Deficiency of growth hormone from the pituitary gland
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A goiter is a condition characterized by the abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland. This enlargement can be caused by various factors such as iodine deficiency, thyroid nodules, inflammation, or other thyroid disorders. It is not associated with the overproduction of cortisol (Choice A), underproduction of parathyroid hormone (Choice C), or deficiency of growth hormone (Choice D). Therefore, the correct answer is B, excessive growth of the thyroid gland.
Differentiate between epithelial and connective tissue.
- A. Epithelial tissue lines surfaces and glands, while connective tissue supports tendons.
- B. Both are composed of cells, but epithelial tissue lines surfaces and glands, while connective tissue binds other tissues.
- C. Epithelial tissue covers surfaces and connective tissue supports muscle contraction.
- D. Epithelial tissue is the largest tissue type, while connective tissue is the smallest.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epithelial tissue covers surfaces and lines organs, while connective tissue provides support and structure throughout the body. Both are composed of cells, but their functions and locations differ. Epithelial tissue acts as a barrier to protect underlying tissues and organs, while connective tissue connects, supports, and separates different types of tissues and organs in the body. Choice A is incorrect as connective tissue supports and binds other tissues, not just tendons. Choice C is incorrect because connective tissue does not support muscle contraction; it provides support to various structures in the body. Choice D is incorrect as the size of a tissue type does not define its function; epithelial tissue and connective tissue serve different purposes in the body.