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A liver for which two people are tissue-typed has become available after the death of a donor in a car accident. Client A is a 45-year-old substance abuser whose liver is damaged as a result of his use of alcohol. Client B is a 16-year-old adolescent in need of a liver transplant because of a birth abnormality. Which of the following would be useful for a nurse in giving input as to which of the two should receive the liver?
- A. Advocate for Client B because he is the younger of the two and will live longer.
- B. Use feminist moral theory to advocate for Client A in spite of his alcohol use.
- C. Use a guided set of moral principles in decision-making before advocating for either.
- D. Advocate for Client A because he has 15 to 20 years of productive life left.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using moral principles systematically can help resolve ethical dilemmas and guide decision-making.
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Assuming that an individual’s own perspective is correct and shared by others is known as:
- A. Ethnocentrism
- B. Racism
- C. Cultural competency
- D. Empathy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ethnocentrism involves assuming one’s own culture or perspective is superior to others.
Which individual is at risk for a dysfunction in elimination pattern?
- A. 46-year-old mother of two
- B. 32-year-old African American man
- C. 72-year-old white woman
- D. 15-year-old girl
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Various life stages and cultural factors contribute to elimination dysfunction, such as constipation or incontinence.
An occupational health nurse is planning a cholesterol screening with the employees at the factory. Which of the following would be an advantage of conducting this screening?
- A. Allows for the beginning of a multiple test screening process
- B. Provides an opportunity for health education
- C. Allows for preliminary diagnosis of coronary artery disease
- D. Provides the opportunity for a referral to a physician
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Screenings provide an opportunity for health education, helping to promote preventive health measures.
A woman has asked the nurse about the benefits and risks of using ginseng to control her hot flashes associated with menopause. Which of the following governmental offices would most likely serve as a resource to answer the woman’s question?
- A. American Dietetic Association (ADA)
- B. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)
- C. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
- D. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NCCAM promotes the study of complementary and alternative medicine, including supplements like ginseng.
A nurse is attending a continuing education program about growth and development. Why is it necessary that nurses are well educated about this content?
- A. Have a better understanding of genetics and genomics
- B. Can meet the requirements of Healthy People 2010
- C. Can provide more effective health education
- D. Can deliver anticipatory guidance to families
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Understanding growth and development helps nurses provide more effective health education and deliver anticipatory guidance to families.