Pharmacology HESI 55 Questions 2023

Pharmacology HESI 55 Questions 2023 Related

Review Pharmacology HESI 55 Questions 2023 related questions and content

A male client receives a scopolamine transdermal patch 2 hours before surgery. Four hours after surgery, the client tells the nurse that he is experiencing pain and asks why the patch is not working. Which action should the nurse take?

  • A. Advise the client that the effects of the medication have worn off
  • B. Explain that the medication is not given to relieve pain
  • C. Check for the correct placement of the patch on the client
  • D. Offer to apply a new transdermal patch to address the pain
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Scopolamine is not a pain medication; it is commonly used to prevent nausea and vomiting, particularly in surgical settings. It works on the central nervous system to help control these symptoms, not to relieve pain. Therefore, it is important for the nurse to explain to the client that the medication is not intended to relieve pain but rather to manage other specific symptoms. Checking the correct placement of the patch is also important to ensure proper administration, but addressing the misconception about the medication's purpose is the priority in this scenario.

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A client with a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder is prescribed buspirone. The nurse should instruct the client that this medication may have which potential side effect?

  • A. Drowsiness
  • B. Dry mouth
  • C. Nausea
  • D. Headache
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct potential side effect of buspirone is drowsiness. It is important for clients to be informed about this side effect, as it can affect their ability to perform tasks that require full alertness, such as driving. Clients should be advised to avoid activities that require mental alertness until they know how the medication affects them.

A client is prescribed an antibiotic for a urinary tract infection (UTI). What instruction should the practical nurse (PN) provide to the client to ensure the effectiveness of the medication?

  • A. Take the medication with food.
  • B. Increase fluid intake.
  • C. Complete the full course of the medication.
  • D. Avoid dairy products.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The practical nurse (PN) should instruct the client to complete the full course of the antibiotic to ensure the infection is fully treated and to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance. Completing the full course of antibiotics helps to eradicate the infection completely and reduces the risk of bacteria developing resistance to the medication.

A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is prescribed dulaglutide. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?

  • A. Nausea
  • B. Hypoglycemia
  • C. Hyperglycemia
  • D. Pancreatitis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Nausea.' Dulaglutide, a medication commonly used in the management of type 2 diabetes, can lead to gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea. While hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia are potential concerns in diabetes management, they are not typically associated with dulaglutide use. Pancreatitis is a serious adverse effect of some diabetes medications, but it is not a common side effect of dulaglutide.

A client receiving enalapril reports a persistent dry cough. The nurse should explain that this side effect is related to which medication action?

  • A. It reduces the production of angiotensin II.
  • B. It increases the production of angiotensin II.
  • C. It causes increased production of bradykinin.
  • D. It increases the production of aldosterone.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

A client with a history of deep vein thrombosis is prescribed apixaban. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?

  • A. Increased risk of bleeding
  • B. Decreased risk of bleeding
  • C. Increased risk of infection
  • D. Decreased risk of infection
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased risk of bleeding. Apixaban is an anticoagulant medication that works by preventing blood clots. While this is beneficial for individuals with a history of deep vein thrombosis, it also increases the risk of bleeding. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for signs of bleeding, such as easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from cuts, or blood in the urine or stool. Monitoring for bleeding is crucial to ensure the client's safety and to take appropriate actions if necessary.

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