Nokea
A male client with a history of asthma reports having episodes of bronchoconstriction and increased mucous production while exercising. Which action should the nurse implement?
- A. Determine if the client is using an inhaler before exercising
- B. Advise the client to avoid all physical activity
- C. Encourage the client to increase fluid intake before exercise
- D. Recommend the client wear a mask while exercising
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Using an inhaler before exercise can help manage asthma symptoms by preventing bronchoconstriction during physical activity.
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A child is undergoing remission induction therapy to treat leukemia. Allopurinol is included in the regimen. The main reason for administering allopurinol as part of the client’s chemotherapy regimen is to:
- A. Prevent metabolic breakdown of xanthine to uric acid
- B. Prevent uric acid from precipitating in the ureters
- C. Enhance the production of uric acid to ensure adequate excretion of urine
- D. Ensure that the chemotherapy doesn’t adversely affect the bone marrow
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allopurinol prevents the breakdown of xanthine to uric acid, reducing the risk of uric acid nephropathy during chemotherapy-induced tumor lysis.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is performing a sports physical on an adolescent whose history reveals mild aortic stenosis (AS). What will the nurse practitioner recommend?
- A. Avoidance of all sports to prevent sudden death
- B. Clearance for any sports since this is mild
- C. Evaluation by a cardiologist prior to participation
- D. Low-intensity sports
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Children with mild AS may participate in any sport but must have annual cardiac evaluations.
Recognised features of anorexia nervosa include:
- A. T-wave inversion on ECG
- B. Hypocholesterolaemia
- C. Peripheral oedema
- D. Sinus bradycardia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sinus bradycardia, a slower than normal heart rate, is a recognized feature of anorexia nervosa due to the body's adaptation to starvation.
The following drugs cause hypokalaemia:
- A. Commencement of digoxin for atrial fibrillation
- B. ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors
- C. Salbutamol for asthma
- D. Vitamin B1 for the treatment of pernicious anaemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Salbutamol can cause hypokalaemia. Digoxin, ACE inhibitors, and vitamin B1 do not typically cause hypokalaemia.
The parent of a 1-year-old child with tetralogy of Fallot asks the nurse, “Why do my child’s fingertips look like that?†On what understanding does the nurse base a response?
- A. Clubbing occurs as a result of untreated congestive heart failure.
- B. Clubbing occurs as a result of a left-to-right shunting of blood.
- C. Clubbing occurs as a result of decreased cardiac output.
- D. Clubbing occurs as a result of chronic hypoxia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clubbing of the fingers develops in response to chronic hypoxia.