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A married couple is discussing alternatives for pregnancy prevention and has asked about fertility awareness methods (FAMs). Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. They're not very effective, and it is very likely that you'll get pregnant.
- B. FAMs can be effective for many couples; however, they require motivation.
- C. These methods have a few advantages and several health risks.
- D. You would be much safer going on the pill and not having to worry.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: FAMs are effective with proper vigilance about ovulatory changes in the body and adherence to coitus intervals. They are effective if correctly used by a woman with a regular menstrual cycle.
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A nurse is assessing a client who gave birth 1 week ago. The client states, 'I don't know what's wrong. I love my baby, but I feel so let down and I seem to cry for no reason.' The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following emotional responses to birth?
- A. Postpartum depression
- B. Taking-in phase
- C. Postpartum blues
- D. Taking-hold phase
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Postpartum blues is a common emotional response occurring within the first two weeks postpartum. Symptoms include mood swings, tearfulness, and sadness due to hormonal changes. It is self-limiting, unlike postpartum depression, which is more severe and persistent.
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed with chlamydia and wants to know when she can have sex with her boyfriend again. What is the best response from the nurse?
- A. “You should not have sex until 7 days after you complete treatment and your partner gets treatment.”
- B. “You can have sex as soon as you finish the medicine.”
- C. “You can have sex once your partner takes the medicine.”
- D. “There is no need to wait.”
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection that requires treatment for both the infected person and their partner to prevent reinfection. The recommended practice is to abstain from sex until 7 days after completing treatment to ensure the infection is fully cleared from both individuals. This approach helps to prevent the spread of the infection and reduces the risk of complications.
Choice B is incorrect because simply finishing the medicine without waiting for the partner's treatment can lead to reinfection. Choice C is incorrect as it solely focuses on the partner's treatment without considering the completion of the patient's own treatment. Choice D is incorrect as it disregards the importance of completing treatment and waiting for the specified period before resuming sexual activity.
The nurse is arranging education for the menopausal support group regarding the approaches to treat the symptoms. Which of the following would be components of current treatments? Select all that apply.
- A. Moderately intense exercises
- B. Balanced diet, rich in calcium
- C. Alternative medicine such as black cohosh
- D. Over-the-counter sleep aid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Moderate-intensity exercises are recommended for managing menopausal symptoms like hot flashes and mood swings by improving overall health and reducing stress. Exercise can also help with weight management and bone health.
Summary:
- Balanced diet with calcium (B) is important for overall health but not specific to treating menopausal symptoms.
- Alternative medicine like black cohosh (C) may have limited evidence and can vary in effectiveness.
- Over-the-counter sleep aids (D) may help with sleep disturbances but are not specific to managing menopausal symptoms.
The most conservative approach for early breast cancer treatment involves lumpectomy followed by which procedure?
- A. Radiation
- B. Adjuvant systemic therapy
- C. Hormonal therapy
- D. Chemotherapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Radiation therapy is typically used after lumpectomy to treat early-stage breast cancer.
Which factor is least likely to influence the decision to undergo genetic testing?
- A. Anxiety and altered family relationships
- B. Cost of testing or denial of insurance benefits
- C. Imperfection of test results
- D. Ethnic and socioeconomic disparity associated with genetic testing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Testing is not 100% accurate and has a high percentage of false-negative results. An individual may not take these results seriously and subsequently fail to have testing completed or to seek necessary follow-up consultation. Anxiety and altered family relationships are often the result of genetic testing. The results of genetic testing may be difficult to keep confidential, and family members may feel pressured to have testing performeDecisions about genetic testing are shaped by socioeconomic status and the ability to pay for the testing. Some types of genetic testing are expensive and are not covered by insurance benefits. Caucasian middle-class families have greater access to genetic screening; therefore, this population is less at likely to decide against genetic testing.