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A married couple is discussing alternatives for pregnancy prevention and has asked about fertility awareness methods (FAMs). Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. They're not very effective, and it is very likely that you'll get pregnant.
- B. FAMs can be effective for many couples; however, they require motivation.
- C. These methods have a few advantages and several health risks.
- D. You would be much safer going on the pill and not having to worry.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: FAMs are effective with proper vigilance about ovulatory changes in the body and adherence to coitus intervals. They are effective if correctly used by a woman with a regular menstrual cycle.
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The nurse would advise the patient to report what symptom immediately during a PD-1 (checkpoint inhibitor) infusion?
- A. nausea
- B. fatigue
- C. dizziness
- D. diarrhea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C (dizziness)
Rationale:
1. Dizziness can indicate a serious adverse reaction like immune-mediated neurotoxicity, requiring immediate attention.
2. Nausea, fatigue, and diarrhea are common side effects of checkpoint inhibitors but usually not emergencies.
3. Dizziness can be a sign of a potentially life-threatening condition, making it crucial to report immediately.
Summary:
- A: Nausea is a common side effect but not typically requiring immediate attention.
- B: Fatigue is a common side effect but usually does not warrant immediate reporting.
- D: Diarrhea is a known side effect but generally not an urgent concern compared to potential neurological issues signaled by dizziness.
The United States ranks poorly in terms of worldwide infant mortality rates. Which factor has the greatest impact on decreasing the mortality rate of infants?
- A. Providing more women’sN sheRlterIs G B.C M U S N T O
- B. Ensuring early and adequate prenatal care
- C. Resolving all language and cultural differences
- D. Enrolling pregnant women in the Medicaid program by their eighth month of pregnancy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensuring early and adequate prenatal care. Prenatal care plays a crucial role in monitoring the health of the mother and the developing fetus, detecting and managing any potential health issues early on, and providing essential education on nutrition and healthy practices. This ultimately leads to healthier pregnancies, reduced risks of complications, and improved outcomes for both the mother and the infant. Providing more women's shelters (A) may help address social issues but does not directly impact infant mortality rates. Resolving language and cultural differences (C) is important for effective healthcare delivery but is not the primary factor in reducing infant mortality. Enrolling pregnant women in Medicaid (D) is beneficial for access to healthcare but does not address the importance of early and adequate prenatal care in reducing infant mortality rates.
A nurse is admitting a client who is at 35 weeks of gestation and is experiencing mild vaginal bleeding due to placenta previWhich of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
- A. Initiate continuous monitoring of the FHR.
- B. Administer a dose of betamethasone.
- C. Check the cervix for dilation every 8 hr.
- D. Request that the provider prescribe misoprostol PRN.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Continuous fetal heart rate monitoring is essential in placenta previa to assess for fetal distress.
A woman has preinvasive cancer of the cervix. Which modality would the nurse discuss as an available option for a client with this condition?
- A. Cryosurgery
- B. Colposcopy
- C. Hysterectomy
- D. Internal radiation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cryosurgery, laser surgery, and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) are techniques used to treat preinvasive lesions. Colposcopy is the examination of the cervix with a stereoscopic binocular microscope that magnifies the view of the cervix.
Which questionnaire would be best for the nurse to use when screening an adolescent client for an eating disorder?
- A. Four Cs
- B. Dietary Guidelines for America
- C. SCOFF screening tool
- D. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The SCOFF screening tool helps identify eating disorders, with a score of 2 or more indicating anorexia nervosa or bulimia.