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A mature ovarian follicle that is ready to be ejected from an ovary is called a(n) ________.
- A. primary oocyte
- B. vesicular (Graafian) follicle
- C. ovum
- D. corpus luteum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: vesicular (Graafian) follicle. A mature ovarian follicle ready for ovulation is called a vesicular follicle. It is the final stage before ovulation. A: primary oocyte is incorrect as it refers to an immature egg cell. C: ovum is incorrect as it refers to a mature egg cell after fertilization. D: corpus luteum is incorrect as it forms after ovulation and is responsible for producing progesterone, not the mature follicle.
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A nurse is working with a client who has undergone chemotherapy for breast cancer. The client is experiencing body image disturbances. Which of the following symptoms would contribute to this psychosocial issue?
- A. Fatigue
- B. Vomiting
- C. Hair loss
- D. Nausea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hair loss is a visible side effect of chemotherapy that can significantly impact body image.
Where does fertilization normally take place?
- A. Uterus
- B. Cervix
- C. Ovary
- D. Ampulla of the fallopian tubes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ampulla of the fallopian tubes. Fertilization typically occurs in the ampulla of the fallopian tubes, where the sperm meets the egg. The ampulla is the widest part of the fallopian tube, providing the necessary space for fertilization to occur. Sperm must travel through the cervix and uterus to reach the fallopian tubes where fertilization takes place. The ovary is where the egg is released during ovulation but fertilization occurs in the fallopian tubes.
The egg is fertilized in which anatomical structure?
- A. Vagina
- B. Uterus
- C. uterine (fallopian) tube
- D. cervix
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Uterus. After fertilization, the egg travels through the fallopian tube and implants in the uterus for further development. The vagina is the birth canal, not the site of fertilization. The fallopian tube is where fertilization typically occurs, but the actual implantation of the fertilized egg occurs in the uterus. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina and plays a role in pregnancy but is not where fertilization occurs.
A 72-year-old woman is being assessed by the nurse for an annual physical. Which finding is of concern to the nurse?
- A. Thinning of pubic hair
- B. Increased size of the uterus
- C. Decreased size of the clitoris
- D. Loss of tone of the pelvic ligaments
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased size of the uterus. In a 72-year-old woman, an increased size of the uterus can indicate potential issues such as fibroids or endometrial hyperplasia, which may require further investigation. Thinning of pubic hair (A) is a common age-related change. Decreased size of the clitoris (C) and loss of tone of the pelvic ligaments (D) can also occur with aging but are not typically concerning findings during a routine physical exam in this age group.
Primary spermatogonium undergo:
- A. two mitotic divisions to become a secondary spermatocyte
- B. mitosis and then meiosis to become a secondary spermatocyte
- C. two meiotic divisions to become a secondary spermatocyte
- D. meiosis and differentiation to become a secondary spermatocyte
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Primary spermatogonium undergo mitosis to replicate and maintain the diploid chromosome number, then meiosis to reduce the chromosome number, resulting in secondary spermatocytes. Choice A is incorrect as it skips meiosis. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests two meiotic divisions from primary spermatogonium, which is not accurate. Choice D is incorrect because it fails to mention the initial step of mitosis before meiosis in the process.