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A meconium stool can be differentiated from a transitional stool in the newborn because the meconium stool is
- A. Passed in first 12-24h of life
- B. Seen at 3 days
- C. Residue of a milk curd
- D. Lighter in color and looser in consistency
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because meconium stool is typically passed within the first 12-24 hours of life in newborns. Meconium is the earliest stool passed by a newborn and is composed of materials ingested while in the womb. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because transitional stool is typically seen at 3 days, meconium is not a residue of milk curd, and meconium is darker in color and stickier in consistency compared to transitional stool.
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A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving oxytocin by continuous IV infusion for labor induction. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
- A. Increase the infusion rate every 30 to 60 min.
- B. Maintain the client in a supine position.
- C. Titrate the infusion rate by 4 milliunits/min.
- D. Limit IV intake to 4 L per 24 hr.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Titrate the infusion rate by 4 milliunits/min. This is the appropriate intervention because oxytocin is a potent uterotonic agent used for labor induction. By titrating the infusion rate by 4 milliunits/min, the nurse can closely monitor and adjust the dose to achieve the desired uterine contractions without causing hyperstimulation. Increasing the infusion rate every 30 to 60 min (A) can lead to rapid and uncontrolled contractions. Maintaining the client in a supine position (B) can decrease blood flow to the placenta. Limiting IV intake to 4 L per 24 hr (D) is not necessary and may lead to dehydration.
What component of a health history for a wellness exam includes information on lifestyle factors, such as diet, exercise habits, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and recreational drug use?
- A. chief complaint/reason for visit
- B. gynecologic history
- C. medications and supplements
- D. social history
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: social history. This component of a health history focuses on lifestyle factors that can impact a person's overall health and well-being. It includes information on diet, exercise habits, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and recreational drug use. By understanding these factors, healthcare providers can assess potential risks, provide appropriate counseling, and tailor interventions to promote health.
A: Chief complaint/reason for visit is not the correct answer as it pertains to the specific reason why the patient is seeking medical attention.
B: Gynecologic history is focused on a specific aspect of health related to female reproductive health and is not inclusive of overall lifestyle factors.
C: Medications and supplements focus on the use of medications and supplements and do not cover lifestyle factors such as exercise habits or recreational drug use.
What is one difference between the copper IUC and the LNG-IUC?
- A. efficacy
- B. placement in the uterus
- C. presence of a normal period
- D. shape
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: placement in the uterus. The copper IUC and LNG-IUC differ in where they are positioned in the uterus. The copper IUC is a T-shaped device placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy through copper ions, while the LNG-IUC releases hormones and is also placed in the uterus but is a different shape, typically a smaller T or a rounded shape. The placement of the device is crucial for its effectiveness and type of hormone release. Other choices (A) efficacy, (C) presence of a normal period, and (D) shape, do not directly differentiate between the two types of IUCs.
A woman in labor reports a gush of fluid from her vagina. What is the nurse's first action?
- A. Check the fetal heart rate
- B. Assess the fluid for meconium staining
- C. Perform a sterile vaginal examination
- D. Notify the healthcare provider
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check the fetal heart rate. This is the first action to assess the well-being of the fetus after the reported fluid gush, ensuring fetal safety. Checking fetal heart rate is crucial in determining fetal distress. Assessing for meconium staining (B) is important but comes after confirming fetal well-being. Performing a sterile vaginal examination (C) may introduce infection and should be avoided without proper indications. Notifying the healthcare provider (D) is necessary but should follow initial assessment of fetal status.
The nurse assures the breastfeeding mother that she will know that her infant is getting an adequate supply of breast milk if the infant gains weight and:
- A. Rarely sucks on a pacifier.
- B. Ha several hard stools daily
- C. Voids 6 or more times a day
- D. Awakens to feed every 4 hours
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Voids 6 or more times a day. Adequate breast milk intake is indicated by frequent urination (6 or more times/day) in infants. This shows the infant is hydrated and receiving enough milk. The other choices are incorrect because A) pacifier use doesn't indicate milk supply, B) hard stools can be a sign of dehydration or other issues, and D) feeding every 4 hours is a general guideline but not a definitive indicator of milk supply.