Nokea
A mother asks the nurse if her child's iron deficiency anemia is related to the child's frequent infections. The nurse responds based on the understanding of which of the following?
- A. Little is known about iron deficiency anemia and its relationship to infection.
- B. Children with iron deficiency anemia are more susceptible to infection than are other children.
- C. Children with iron deficiency anemia are less susceptible to infection than are other children.
- D. Children with iron deficiency anemia are equally as susceptible to infection as are other children.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Iron deficiency impairs immune function, increasing infection susceptibility. This is well-documented in pediatric care.
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A parent asks which nutrient deficiency is common in children with celiac disease. The nurse should respond:
- A. Vitamin C.
- B. Iron.
- C. Vitamin A.
- D. Magnesium.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Iron deficiency is common in celiac disease due to malabsorption in the small intestine. Other deficiencies (e.g., vitamin D, B vitamins) may occur, but iron is most frequent.
A nurse is planning care for a 12-year-old with rheumatic fever. The nurse should teach the parents to:
- A. Observe the child closely.
- B. Allow the child to participate in activities that will not tire him.
- C. Provide for adequate periods of rest between activities.
- D. Encourage someone in the family to be with the child 24 hours a day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rest is critical in rheumatic fever to reduce cardiac strain and prevent complications like carditis. Observation and limited activities are important, but rest is the priority.
A three-year-old is brought into the emergency department in her mother's arms. The child's mouth is open and she is drooling and lethargic. Her mother states that she became ill suddenly within the past 2 hours. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Draw blood cultures for complete blood count.
- B. Start an intravenous line.
- C. Inspect the child's throat with a tongue blade.
- D. Maintain the child in an undisturbed, upright position.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The symptoms suggest possible epiglottitis, a medical emergency. Maintaining the child in an undisturbed, upright position prevents airway obstruction and is the priority action.
The nurse is caring for a child with osteomyelitis who will be receiving high-dose intravenous antibiotic therapy for 3 to 4 weeks. What should the nurse plan to monitor?
- A. Blood glucose level.
- B. Thrombin times.
- C. Urine glucose level.
- D. Urine specific gravity.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Urine specific gravity should be monitored to assess hydration status, as prolonged antibiotic therapy can affect renal function.
At a follow-up appointment after being hospitalized, an adolescent with a history of cystic fibrosis (CF) describes his stools to the nurse. Which of the following descriptions should the nurse interpret as indicative of continued problems with malabsorption?
- A. Soft with little odor.
- B. Large and foul-smelling.
- C. Loose with bits of food.
- D. Hard with streaks of blood.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Large, foul-smelling stools indicate malabsorption in cystic fibrosis, suggesting inadequate pancreatic enzyme replacement or ongoing pancreatic insufficiency.